ABOUT THE RESULTS OF THE ALL-RUSSIAN POPULATION CENSUS
2002 year

Population.According to the All-Russian Population Census, conducted as of October 9, 2002, the number of permanent population of the Russian Federation was   145.2 million people. Data on preliminary results were updated for 15 thousand people.

Compared to the 1989 census. strength population declined   1.8 million people, including those living in urban areas - 1.6 million people, in rural areas - 0.2 million people.

Table 1

population change components

The decrease in population was mainly due to natural population decline (excess of the number of deaths over the number of births). Since 1992 against the background of a natural population decline, migration has become the only source of making up for losses in the population of Russia. Even in 1994, when migration growth was the largest over the past three decades and amounted to 0.8 million people, it did not compensate for the natural decline in the population. In total for 1989-2002. three-quarters of the natural decline was replaced by an influx of people from abroad, the vast majority of which were immigrants from the CIS member states and the Baltic countries.

Urbanization process, which had previously been taking place in the country at an intensive pace, in the last intercensal period practically ceased: the ratio of citizens and rural residents remained at the 1989 level. - respectively - 73% and 27%.

The ratio of urban to rural population was influenced by what happened in the period since 1989. to 2002 significant transformations in the administrative-territorial structure of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. According to the decisions of the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local self-government, both the status of urban settlements (the transfer of urban-type settlements to the category of cities and cities to urban-type settlements) changed, and urban-type settlements transformed into rural settlements and vice versa.

The population of the Russian Federation lives in 2940 urban settlements (cities and urban-type settlements) and 142 thousand rural settlements.

table 2

grouping of urban settlements

The number of urban The number of inhabitants in them settlements   units thousand human 2002 vK 1989 vK total All urban settlements 10642 9 including:   cities of which with the number of inhabitants,   thousand people: 1 million or more   urban settlements of which with the number of inhabitants,   thousand people: 20 and more

More than 90% of the urban population lives in cities; the rest of the urban population lives in urban-type settlements. During the inter-census period, the number of cities increased by 61 as a result of transformations into 66 cities of urban settlements, 4 rural settlements and the city of Magas (the capital of the Republic of Ingushetia) registered as a newly-emerged settlement, as well as the inclusion of 9 cities in larger cities and transforming one city into a rural settlement. The growth in the number of cities and the population in them was noted in groups of small cities (up to 50 thousand people), large (from 100 thousand to 250 thousand people) and the largest cities-millionaires.

Small cities with a population of up to 50 thousand people (768 cities, or 70% of all cities) predominate in the Russian Federation, but only 17% of citizens live in them. The average number of inhabitants per one such city is 22 thousand people.

Almost a third of citizens live in 13 largest cities: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Yekaterinburg, Samara, Omsk, Kazan, Chelyabinsk, Rostov-on-Don, Ufa, Volgograd and Perm.

The increase in population in the group of the largest cities was due to an increase in the number of residents of only five of them (Moscow, Kazan, Rostov-on-Don, Novosibirsk and Volgograd). The capital of the Russian Federation is one of the twenty largest cities in the world.

The number of urban-type settlements decreased by 351. The changes occurred due to the abolition of 432 urban-type settlements (329 were converted to rural settlements, 42 into cities, 46 were included in other urban settlements, 15 were liquidated) and 81 settlements were formed (44 for the conversion account from urban settlements, 32 from rural settlements and 5 from newly emerged). Most of the population (63%) lives in urban-type settlements with a population of up to 10 thousand people.

Table 3

grouping of rural settlements

The number of rural The number of inhabitants in them settlements units thousand human 2002 vK 1989 vK total All rural   settlements including: without population   with the population of them with a number   inhabitants, people: 10 and less 3001 and more

During the census period, the number of rural settlements in which the population resides has declined by almost 11 thousand. This happened due to the liquidation and exclusion from the credentials in accordance with the decisions of the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of rural settlements in which the population does not live due to travel to other (urban or rural) settlements and natural population decline. However, during the census, 13 thousand rural settlements were recorded in which the population did not live, because there were no decisions on their liquidation in one of these settlements, and such a decision could not be made in others, since the population was officially registered in them (spelled out), but actually does not live.

Outflows and natural population decline have affected the increase in the number of small settlements with a population of 10 people or less. Most of them are “endangered villages”, in which the population is older than the working age, and where the social and economic infrastructure is absent or underdeveloped.

Half of the rural residents live in large and large rural settlements with a population of 1,000 people or more.

Age and gender composition of the population.According to the 2002 census, a significant characteristic of the Russian population has remained excess of women   over the number of men, which amounted to 10.0 million people against 9.6 million people in 1989. The deterioration in the sex ratio is associated with high premature mortality in men.

Table 4

number of men and women

Thousand human Specific gravity men women men women Whole population urban population rural population

For 1000 men in 2002 accounted for 1147 women, in 1989 - 1,140 women.

The prevalence of women over men is noted from the age of 33.

Noticeable changes have occurred in age composition   population. A sharp decline in the birth rate, which began in the late 80s and early 90s of the last century, led to an increase in the process of demographic aging. Compared to the 1989 census. average age   residents of the country increased by 4.3 years   and amounted to 37.1 years. For men, respectively - for 3.6 years and 34.1 years, for women - for 4.6 years and 39.8 years.

Table 5

population by age groups

Thousand person The proportion of the population of the corresponding age group husband. and wives. including husband. and wives. including in the total population,% Whole population including in   age, years: 80 years and more Of the total number - population aged: younger than able-bodied   (men and women   up to 16 years old) able-bodied   (men 16-59 years old,   women 16-54 years old) older than able-bodied   (men 60 years or more,   women 55 years and more)

Over the census period, the population over working age increased by 2.6 million people (by 9.5%). At the same time, the number of children and adolescents during this period decreased by 9.7 million people (by 27%). A particularly sharp decrease (by 43%) occurred in the age group of children under 10 years of age (generations born in the last decade, when the birth rate was the lowest in the entire post-war history of Russia).

The entry into working age of a generation of young people born in the first half of the 80s of the last century (the period of the highest birth rate in the last three decades), as well as a positive migration increase led to an increase in the working-age population by 5.2 million people (by 6 %). Structural changes also occurred within this age group. In 2002 52.6% of the working-age population were people over the age of 35 years (in 1989, 45.7%).

The age composition of the urban and rural population historically has some differences, which reflect the features of the urbanization process in Russia, as well as differences in reproductive behavior and life expectancy of urban and rural residents.

Table 6

age structure of urban and rural population

Urban population Rural population thousand people % to total thousand people % to total Whole population including   at age: younger   able-bodied able-bodied over   able-bodied

The birth rate - an indicator of the average number of children born by one woman during the reproductive period - was in 2002. 1.5 children in rural areas, 1.25 in urban settlements. The average life expectancy in rural areas was 63.4 years (for men - 57.1, for women - 71.3) in urban settlements - 65.3 years (for men - 59.0, for women - 72.3).

The average age of urban men was 33.9 years, women - 39.8 years, rural - 34.6 years and 39.9 years, respectively.

A decrease in the birth rate and an increase in the working-age population during the census period led to a decrease in the number of people of working age per population of working ages (an indicator of the demographic burden). Moreover, if in urban settlements this decrease occurred only due to a decrease in the indicator of the load on children, in rural areas the indicator of the demographic load on people of retirement age also decreased.

Table 7

population burden
working age

Per 1000 residents of working age accounts for persons of incapable age, person total including children and adolescents (0-15 years old) persons over working age Whole population urban   population rural   population

An increase in the working-age population and a further decrease in the demographic burden can be expected before 2006. Subsequently, the generations born in the 90s of the last century will begin to enter working age, when a sharp decline in the birth rate has begun, and numerous generations born in the post-war period will leave this age. This will lead to a decrease in the working-age population, as well as an increase in the number and proportion of people of older age groups, which, in turn, will lead to an increase in the demographic burden.

Marital status. The number of married couples was 34 million (in 1989, 36 million). For the first time during the census, information was collected on the number of unregistered marriage unions. Of the total number of couples, 3 million (10%) were in unregistered marriages.

Table 8

Marital status of the population

Men and women Men Women Population aged 16 and   more than thousand people including: never married married divorced Per 1,000 people   16 years and more: never married married divorced

It should be noted that 4.2 thousand people under the age of 16 indicated that they are married, of which 2.3 thousand people are unregistered.

Traditionally, the number of married women exceeds the number of married men (in 1989 - by 28 thousand people, in 2002 - by 65 thousand people).

Since the beginning of the 80s of the last century, a decrease in the number of registered marriage unions has been observed. It was especially significant in 1989-1995, after which relative stabilization began. In 2002 A little more than one million marriages were registered (in 1989, 1.4 million). The proportion of repeated marriages between censuses remains stable - 25-28% of the total number of marriages.

The proliferation of unregistered marriage unions has led to an increase in the number of children born out of registered marriage. For 1989-2002 the proportion of such children doubled and amounted to about 30% of the total number of annual births (almost half of them were registered by a joint statement of the parents). This phenomenon is typical for most European countries, for example, the highest rates in Iceland (in 2000 - 65% of illegitimate children), Estonia (in 2001 - 56%), Sweden (56%), Norway (50%), Denmark ( 45%), Latvia (42%) 1).

During the census period, the number of people who have never been married has increased by 40%, and the number of people who have separated has increased at the same rate. Recently, approximately 800 thousand marriages are annually dissolved in the country (in 1989, 583 thousand marriages were dissolved), as a result, about 400 thousand minor children are left without one of their parents. More than a third of divorces occur in young couples who have been married for less than five years. This led to an increase in the proportion of divorced people in the marriage structure, especially among women, for whom re-marriage is very difficult due to the disproportion of the population by gender and age.

The processes taking place in the marriage structure of the population affected the number and composition of households.

Number and size of households. For the first time after the 1897 census. it was not the family but the household that was taken for the census unit. Unlike a family, a household may include non-relatives and consist of one person.

Census of 2002 almost 53 million private households were registered 2), in which 142.8 million people lived, or 98% of the total population of Russia.

Table 9

size distribution of private households

All settlements Including % To total urban rural all settlements urban rural Total households, thousands including households   consisting of: 1 person 2 people 3 people 4 people 5 persons 6 persons 7 people and more The average size   households, person

The low average household size is due to the large number of households consisting of no more than 3 people; such households make up almost three quarters of all private households.

_________________

1) Source: Modern demographic development in Europe, 2002, Council of Europe.

2)   Private households are households living in individual houses, separate and communal apartments, dormitories, hotels, traditional dwellings (plague, yaranga, yurts, etc.) and other premises adapted for housing.

The census also took into account 2.3 million people living in orphanages, boarding schools for orphans and children left without parental care, boarding houses for the disabled and elderly, hospitals for people with chronic diseases, monasteries, barracks , places of deprivation of liberty and similar institutions.

The national composition of the population.The census once again confirmed that Russia is one of the most multinational states in the world.

Nationality in the course of the population survey was indicated in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation by the respondents themselves on the basis of self-determination and was recorded by census workers strictly from the words of the respondents. During the census, more than 800 different answers were received from the population to the question of nationality, the spelling of which often differed from each other only because of the language dialect and the accepted local self-names of ethnic groups. When processing census materials, the responses of the population about nationality were systematized in 140 nationalities and 40 ethnic groups included in them1).

Table 10

population of the most numerous nationalities 2)

Thousand person 2002 vK 1989 % To total Whole population Ukrainians Belarusians Azerbaijanis Kabardinians Dargins

________________

1) Systematization is based on the Alphabetical List of Nationalities and Ethnic Names developed by the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

2) Nationalities are listed in descending order of population by 2002.

During the census period, changes in national composition are due to three factors. The first factor is related to differences in the natural movement of the population. The second factor is the processes in external migration that have developed under the influence of the collapse of the USSR. The third factor is associated with the processes of changing ethnic identity under the influence of mixed marriages and other phenomena.

In 2002 there were 23 the most numerous nationalities with a population exceeding 400 thousand people, in 1989. there were 17 such nationalities. Due to the population growth, this group included Azerbaijanis, Kabardians, Dargins, Kumyks, Ingush, Lezgins and Yakuts, Jews dropped out due to a decrease in the population. As in 1989 the number of seven peoples exceeds 1 million people, however, changes have occurred in this group: during the census period, the group included Chechens and Armenians, Belarusians and Mordovians.

The Russian population is still the largest (about 116 million people) and makes up almost 80% of the country's total population. Compared to 1989 its share in the entire population decreased by 1.7 percentage points. This happened mainly due to the natural decline, which amounted to almost 8 million people, which could not be compensated by more than three million migration growth of Russians.

The second place in terms of population in the country, as in the previous census, is occupied by Tatars, whose number is 5.55 million people (almost 4% of the country's population).

Due to emigration and natural decline, the number of Jews (from 537 thousand to 230 thousand people) and Germans (from 842 thousand to 597 thousand people) decreased during the census period.

Mainly due to migration growth, the number of Armenians (from 532 thousand to 1130 thousand people), Azerbaijanis (from 336 thousand to 622 thousand people), Tajiks (from 38 thousand to 120 thousand people), Chinese ( from 5 thousand to 35 thousand people).

For the first time since the 1926 census. the number of people who classified themselves as kryashens was obtained (about 25 thousand people). Also for the first time since the 1897 census. the number of people who called themselves Cossacks (about 140 thousand people) and a number of small peoples of Dagestan was obtained.

Of the approximately 1.5 million people who do not have an answer to the questionnaire about nationality, almost two-thirds are those living in Moscow, St. Petersburg, and the Moscow Region.

Language skills.   In the 2002 census first   information was received from the entire population on knowledge of the state language of the country   - in Russian. Of the total population, 142.6 million people (98%) speak Russian.

Among other languages the most common are English (7.0 million people, or 4.8%), Tatar (5.3 million people, or 3.7%), German (2.9 million people, or 2%), Ukrainian (1.8 million people, or 1.3%), Bashkir (1.4 million people, or 1%) and almost the same number of people called knowledge of the Chechen and Chuvash languages \u200b\u200b(1.3 million people each, or at 0.9%).

Citizenship.First   during the census, information was received on the citizenship of the Russian population. Number citizens of the Russian Federation   made up 142.4 million people   (98% of all residents of the country), 1.0 million people have citizenship of other states and 0.4 million people are stateless. Of the total number of citizens of the Russian Federation, 44 thousand people have dual citizenship. Approximately 1.3 million people did not indicate their citizenship.

Citizenship of the population of the Russian Federation
(thousand people)

  foreign citizens by country of citizenship:

Among foreign citizens permanently residing in Russia, the overwhelming majority are citizens of the CIS member states (906 thousand people, or 88% of all foreigners), of which the most numerous are citizens of Ukraine (230 thousand people), Azerbaijan (155 thousand people ) and Armenia (137 thousand people).

The level of education of the population. In the 2002 census 109.4 million people aged 15 years and over with a basic general education and above, accounting for 90.2% of this age group, were registered. Compared to 1989 the number of people with the specified level of education increased by 18.3 million people, or 20%.

Table 11

educational level1)

Thousand person 2002 vK 1989 Per 1000 people All age population   15 years and more including:   professional education higher (including postgraduate   education) incomplete higher initial general education average (full) the main initial   do not have an initial total   education ___________________ 1) In accordance with the Federal Law "On Amendments and Additions to the Law of the Russian Federation" On Education ", the previously used names of educational levels changed and new levels appeared. When comparing census data from 1989 and 2002, it should be borne in mind: earlier from higher education no postgraduate education was distinguished, higher professional education corresponds to higher education, secondary vocational education - secondary specialized, basic general - incomplete secondary, primary general - primary education. laziness persons with primary professional education obtained as the sum of individuals who completed vocational schools on the basis of the average (full) and basic education.

Of the total number of people aged 15 years and over, 71.4 million people (59%) have professional education (higher, secondary and primary). For 1989-2002 the number of specialists with higher education increased by 6.6 million people (by 52%), with secondary professional - by 11.2 million people (by 52%), with primary vocational - by 0.7 million people (by 5 %).

For the first time during the census, the number of people with postgraduate education (who completed postgraduate study, doctoral studies, residency) was received, which amounted to 0.4 million people.

The number of people with secondary (full) education increased by one million (5%). At the same time, the number of persons aged 15 years and over with basic general and primary education decreased.

Changes in the level of education are associated with the entry into the age group of 15 years and a larger generation born in the first half of the 80s of the last century, most of which continued to increase their educational level.

So, according to current statistics for 1989-2002, 7.1 million specialists with higher education and 8.3 million specialists with secondary professional education were trained and graduated. This has led to an increase in the level of higher and secondary vocational education among young people. The number of young people aged 16-29 with higher education has increased compared to 1989. by 42.4%, with an average professional - by 7.5%. Based on 1000 people at this age, there are 112 people with higher education (in 1989 - 84 people) and 224 people with secondary vocational education (in 1989 - 223 people).

At the same time, the number of boys and girls aged 16-29 years, having only primary general education, increased 2.1 times during the census period and amounted to 0.5 million people, 70% of them do not study.

The trend of increasing the level of education of both men and women continued.

Table 12

educational level of men and women

Men Women thousand people per 1000 people thousand people per 1000 people   1989   2002   1989   2002   1989   2002 All age population   15 years or more having   basic education   general and higher including:   professional   education higher (including   postgraduate   education) incomplete higher initial   general education average (full) the main

For the first time, the census showed an excess of the proportion of women with higher education compared to men.

The proportion of illiterate people aged 10 years and over has decreased from 1.9% in 1989. up to 0.5% in 2002. Among the illiterate population, 67% are people aged 60 years or more. The vast majority of other illiterates are people with severe physical and mental disabilities.

For the first time during the census, data were obtained on preschool education of children, which reached 3.1 million children aged 3-6 years (or 60% of the total number of children of this age), of which 2.4 million children in urban settlements ( 70%), in the village - 0.7 million children (40%). At the age of 6–9 years, 4.7 million children (82%) go to general education institutions, and 11% of children of this age continued to attend preschool institutions (at an older age, these are usually institutions for children with physical or mental disabilities )

Among children and adolescents aged 7-15 years, the census recorded 277 thousand children (1.6%) who did not attend educational or preschool institutions.

Livelihood sources.   At the 2002 census. the population could indicate all availablehe has sources of livelihood, in contrast to the previous census, when the population found out no more than two sources of livelihood.

The census results showed an increase in the proportion of people with more than one source of livelihood. In 2002 29% of the population had more than one type of livelihood (26% had two types of source, 1.5% had three types of source and 0.04% had four or more).

Table 13

sources of livelihood

All population,   specifying   the   a source, thousand human Including age In to   the entire population Average age, years younger labor way- many labor way- nom over labor-able Labor income   (except work in personal   farm) Private farm Scholarship Pension (except pension by disability) Disability pension Allowance (except allowance   unemployment rate) Unemployment benefit Another kind of state   providing Saving Rental income or   property rental Dependent on individuals Other source of funds   to existence Not indicated source of funds   to existence

Over 62 million residents of the country (43%) called income from labor activity as a source of livelihood (in 1989, 77 million people, or 52%). For more than 48 million people, this income was the only source of livelihood.

In 2002 over 18 million respondents (12.5%) named income from personal subsidiary plots as one of the sources of livelihood.

After the census of 1926 For the first time, the number of persons receiving a disability pension was received. This source was named 4.7 million people; other types of pensions (old age, survivor, social) - about 32 million people.

The number of people receiving benefits (except for unemployment benefits) amounted to 16.6 million people, the vast majority of them are children (the average age of those who indicated this source of livelihood is 11.9 years). These are benefits for children under the age of 16; children whose parents evade child support; children of single mothers; women receiving benefits during the period of maternity leave up to one and a half years, and others.

The formation of new economic relations led to changes in the labor market - the emergence of such a category of the population as unemployed (during the census, unemployment was last studied in 1926). In 2002 1.2 million people received unemployment benefits, which is confirmed by current statistics. The average age of those receiving unemployment benefits is 36.6 years.

At the 2002 census. about 2 million people, or 1.4% (versus 1.3 million people, or 0.9% in 1989) indicated another type of state support as a source. These are pupils of orphanages fully or partially supported by the state, students of boarding schools; persons living in nursing homes for the elderly and disabled; persons in places of detention, as well as living in barracks, monasteries and other similar institutions.

The census showed that the population has such types of sources as savings (350 thousand people), including income from securities, and income from leasing or renting property (225 thousand people); in past censuses, these sources were taken into account in other types of sources.

Almost a third of the population (43.5 million people) are dependents of individuals. The vast majority of dependents (over 80%) are children and youth under 25 years of age. The average age of dependents is 16.7 years.

Significant differences in the structure of these sources of livelihood among men and women are not observed.

Employment.In the 2002 census was studied employment   at the age of 15 years or more a week before the start of the census (current employment).

Table 14

number and age structure of the employed population1)

Thousand human 2002 vK The proportion of employees   in total population appropriate age   groups,% Employed Population   15 years and more including age, years: 60 years and more __________________ 1)   When comparing 2002 data. since 1989 it should be borne in mind the methodological changes in accounting for the employed population. In the 1989 census Studied current and partially regular employment, therefore, the number of employed people included seasonal workers who were not working at the census date and those who quit work three weeks or less before the census began due to a change of job. In addition, conscript troops were included in the 1989 census. still (before the call) to their economic situation; at the 2002 census. all military personnel are taken into account in accordance with international recommendations in the number of employed people.

Among the employed population, 95% are people of working age.

Compared to the 1989 census. the proportion of employees decreased in all age groups. The most significant (more than 2 times) decrease in the share of the employed population occurred among adolescents and young people aged 15-19 years. One of the reasons was the continuation of studies of this category of the population in full-time departments of educational institutions in connection with the reduction of evening and correspondence forms of study, which make it possible to combine study with work.

The absolute number of employed increased only in the age group of 40-49 years due to the entry into the age data of a large generation born after the war. However, after 5-10 years, when this generation begins to retire, and the small generation born in the 90s of the last century enters the working age, the situation in the labor market can sharply aggravate due to lack of labor.

For the first time during the census, the status of the population in employment was studied. Of the total number of people employed in the economy aged 15 years and over, the absolute majority - 58 million people (95%) are self-employed, almost 1 million people (1.5%) are employers who hire employees to carry out their activities workers, and about 2 million people (3%) are individual entrepreneurs.

Other categories of population included in the 2002 All-Russian Census. The census took into account 107 thousand citizens of the Russian Federation who are on duty at the census date abroad (including members of their households), of which 67 thousand are men (63%) and 40 thousand women (37%). The largest part of this category of the population - 84 thousand people (79%) - are of working age.

Table 15

CITIZENS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION,
LONG-TERM SERVICES ABROAD,
BY SEX AND AGE GROUPS

Men and women Including men women All citizens of the Russian Federation,   on duty   abroad including age: younger than able-bodied able-bodied older than able-bodied The average age of the population, years

In addition, the census took into account 239 thousand people who were temporarily in the Russian Federation and permanently residing abroad. Of these, 65% (156 thousand people) indicated that they came to Russia to work, 11% to go on vacation, treatment or as tourists, 6% were on a business or business trip, 1% were migrants in transit through Russia , and about 17% of people indicated other purposes for arriving in Russia or did not indicate the purpose of their arrival.

More detailed data from the 2002 All-Russian Census. for Russia and the subjects of the Russian Federation are given in the appendix.

The following important circumstances contributed to the 2002 All-Russian Population Census:

1. More than 10 years have passed since the last census (1989).

2. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, large demographic changes took place in Russia.

3. The UN has taken the initiative to conduct a census in all countries to find out the population of the whole World when it enters the third millennium.

Dates for the 2002 census are from October 9 to 16. The critical moment of the census is 0 hours on October 9th.

The whole program is placed on 5 sheets:

C - list of persons;

P - housing conditions of the population;

K - census form;

D - census form;

In - census form.

The complete part of the program is presented on census form K (short questionnaire), and the selective part of the program is on census form D (long questionnaire).

B - a census form for persons temporarily in Russia and permanently residing abroad.

The continuous monitoring program (C-form) provides questions on the following grounds:

1. Your relationship with people living together (in relation to the one who is recorded first in this accounting unit).

2. Your gender.

3. Date of your birth.

4. Your state of marriage.

5. Place of your birth.

6. Your citizenship.

7. Your nationality.

8. Education.

9. Language skills.

10. All your livelihood sources.

11. Employment.

The sample observation program (questionnaire D) is a logical continuation of the continuous observation program, i.e. Census form D includes all the above signs of observation, as well as the following questions:

11.2. What sector of the economy are you in?

11.3. What main products or services are produced (provided) by the enterprise (organization) in which you are employed (including individual entrepreneurs)?

11.4. Is your work in the territory of your city (district)?

11.5. Your occupation or work performed (the answer should be recorded in detail indicating the nature of the work).

11.6. In the absence of work, have you been looking for it in the last month?

12. In this city (urban settlement or rural area) you live continuously from birth?

13. How many children have you given birth?

Obtaining information in the 2002 census was carried out by expeditionary and explicitly. Telecommunication method was not provided, because in this case, the principle of direct receipt of information from the population does not apply.

Goskomstat of Russia reports the main results of the first stage of automated processing of materials of the All-Russian Population Census of 2002

1. Resident population   Russian Federation amounted to 145.2 million people, which is 1.8 million more than the current population estimate. .

Russia takes seventh in the world   by population after China (1285 million people), India (1025 million people), USA (286 million people), Indonesia (215 million people), Brazil (173 million people) and Pakistan (146 million people) )

Compared to the 1989 census, the population decreased by 1.8 million people, including 1.6 million people in urban settlements, and 0.2 million people in rural areas.

2. The Russian Federation is a migration attractive country. Migration balance throughout the census period positive    and totaled 13 years 5.6 million human , which compensated the natural population decline by three quarters (noted since 1992).

3. For the first time    population census obtained citizens of the Russian Federation,which amounted to almost 142.5 million people   (or 98% of the population), 1.0 million people indicated that they have citizenship of other states and 0.4 million people are stateless. Of the total number of citizens of the Russian Federation, about 40 thousand people have dual citizenship. . Approximately 1.3 million people have not indicated their citizenship.

4. The census confirmed that   Russian Federation    is one of the most multinational states of the world -representatives of   over 160 nationalitieslive in the country. During the census, the Constitution of the Russian Federation was implemented in terms of free self-determination of nationality. The census received more than 800 different answers to the question of nationality.

Seven peoples inhabiting Russia - Russians, Tatars, Ukrainians, Bashkirs, Chuvashs, Chechens and Armenians, have a population of more than 1 million people. Russians are the most numerous nationality, their number was 116 million people (80% of the country's population).

First    after the census of 1897, the number of people who identified themselves as Cossacks (140 thousand people) and also first    after the 1926 census, the number of people who called themselves Kryashens was obtained (about 25 thousand people). .

About 1.5 million people did not indicate their nationality.

5. In Russia, as in most developed countries of the world, the urbanization process has stopped: urban to rural ratio   preserved at the 1989 census level - 73% (or 106.4 million people) and 27% (or 38.8 million people), respectively.

Almost a fifth of the country's population lives in 13 “millionaire” cities: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Yekaterinburg, Samara, Omsk, Kazan, Chelyabinsk, Rostov-on-Don, Ufa, Volgograd, Perm.

The number of the two largest cities in Russia was: Moscow - 10.4 million people, St. Petersburg - 4.7 million people. The capital of the Russian Federation is one of the 20 largest cities in the world.

6. Number of women by 10 million topped the number of men (77.6 million people versus 67.6 million people). For every 1,000 men, 1,147 were women (in 1989, 1,140). The prevalence of the number of women over the number of men has been observed since the age of 33.

7. As in most European countries, Russia is characterized by an aging population. Compared to the 1989 census average age   residents of the country increased by 3 years   and amounted to 37.7 years.

The population of working age (men 16-59 years old, women 16-54 years old) amounted to 89.0 million people (or 61%), younger than working age - 26.3 million people (or 18%) and older than working age - 29.8 million people (or 21%).

8. Number couples   amounted to 34 million   (in 1989 - 36 million). First    During the census, information was collected on the number of unregistered marriage unions. Of the total number of couples 3 million. were in an unregistered marriage.

The marriage structure of the population is characterized by the following data: from 1000 peopleat the age of 16 years and more 210   - never married (in 1989 - 161); 572   - married (in 1989 - 653); 114   - widows (in 1989 - 110); 94   - divorced (in 1989 - 72).

The number of women who indicated that they were married exceeded the number of married men by 65 thousand people (in 1989 - by 28 thousand people).

9. Educational level has grown    the population of the Russian Federation. Of   1000 people   at the age of 15 years and more 902    people had a basic general education and higher (in 1989 - 806). Their total number amounted to 109.4 million people and increased during the census period by 20%. The number of people with higher and secondary vocational education increased one and a half times.

First    during the census the number of persons having postgraduate education   (who completed graduate school, doctoral studies, residency), which amounted to 369 thousand people.

First    the census recorded an excess of the proportion of women with higher education compared to men.

The proportion of illiterate people (who cannot read and write) decreased at the age of 10 years or more from 1.9% in 1989 to 0.5% in 2002. A significant part of the illiterate are the elderly, as well as people with severe physical and mental disabilities. .

10. First    during the census information on employment status. Of the total number of people aged 15 years and over employed in the economy, 58 million people (95%) were self employed   approximately 1 million people (1.5%) - employersattracting hired workers to carry out their activities, and about 2 million people (3%) - individual entrepreneurs.

They indicated 62.2 million people as a source of livelihood. For 18.2 million people, personal subsidiary farming was a source of livelihood.

First    the number of people whose savings and income from securities was a source of livelihood — 0.4 million people — was obtained. Income from the lease or rental of property indicated 0.2 million people.

Scholarships, old-age pensions, long service, disability, survivor benefits, benefits (excluding unemployment benefits), and other types of state support were sources of livelihood for 58.5 million people. Unemployment benefits received 1.2 million people.

Almost a third of the population (43.5 million people) were dependents of individuals. The vast majority of dependents (over 80%) are children and youth under 25 years of age.

Currently, the Goskomstat of Russia continues the automated processing of materials from the 2002 All-Russian Census. Data will be obtained on the economic activity and employment of the population, migration, fertility and housing conditions of the country's population, as well as the socio-demographic characteristics of persons temporarily on the census date on the territory of the Russian Federation.

The 2002 All-Russian Population Census was prepared taking into account domestic and foreign experience, wide scientific discussion, recommendations of the UN and other international organizations. Compared to past censuses, a number of fundamentally new provisions have been added to the census methodology.

At the 2002 All-Russian Population Census, as in previous censuses, the method of interviewing the population and filling out census forms (questionnaires) with specially trained census takers was used. During the census, census takers went around all the premises of their enumeration area where the population lived or could live (including institutions, enterprises and organizations). Questions were asked to the population in the wording given in the census forms and in the “Manual for the census taker on the procedure for conducting the 2002 All-Russian Population Census and filling out the census documents”. Information was recorded in the census questionnaires from the words of the respondents without presenting any documents confirming the correctness of the answers. Information was also collected at stationary sites and, in exceptional cases, using telephone communications.

census population survey questionnaire

Census Time and Territory

The All-Russian population census was conducted from October 9 to October 16, 2002 as of 0 hours on October 9, 2002. On each of the eight days of the census (common for the whole country, except for remote and inaccessible territories, as well as the Chechen Republic), the census takers conducted a survey of the population regarding the moment the population was counted - 0 hours on October 9, 2002. The need to establish such a moment is associated with a continuous change in the population (birth, death, moving people from one place of residence to another).

For territories where it was difficult to conduct the census in general terms (mainly in remote taiga, mountain, and northern regions), the census took place at other times, mainly in the summer months and September 2002. The dates of the census in remote and inaccessible territories are established by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 12, 2002 No. 231 "On the organization of the All-Russian population census in 2002". In the Chechen Republic, in accordance with the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2002 No. 545-r, the population census was carried out in a shorter period, during two days, October 12-13, 2002.

The development of the results of the 2002 All-Russian Population Census was carried out according to the administrative-territorial structure of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on October 9, 2002.

In accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation dated December 10, 1992 No. 4071-1, the Republic of Ingushetia and the Chechen Republic were formed within the borders of the former Chechen-Ingush Republic. The borders between the two constituent entities of the Russian Federation are not defined by law. The development of the census results was carried out in accordance with the list of administrative-territorial units specified by the republican administrations for the 2002 All-Russian Census. The 1989 census for the Chechen Republic includes data for the Republic of Ingushetia and, accordingly, for the Republic of Ingushetia - including information for the Chechen Republic.

2002 Census Guidelines

Population census   - This is the organization of the collection, processing and publication of demographic, economic and social data about the entire population living at a certain point in time in the country.

Census Principles:

1. The general coverage of the population by census (It is necessary to take into account each resident, without exception, regardless of gender, age, availability of the right to reside in the given area and in this dwelling)

2. Direct receipt of information from the population by interviewing specific individuals.

3. Self-determination of people in answering questions, ie the census is carried out only according to the answers of the respondents themselves, without the presentation of documents.

4. Confidentiality of information provided by the population.

The accuracy and comparability of all census data is ensured by:

1. Conducting a census according to a single program and rules throughout the country.

2. The collection of information for one date, for the same exact time - the moment the population is counted.

3. The results of the census will be published only in the form of summary data (principle of confidentiality)!

How was the 2002 census

The census took place in 3 stages.

I. Preliminary round - conducting a survey of the population, conducting a control round on the completeness of the population.

From October 4 to 7, scribes preliminarily went around all the buildings and premises of the enumeration area, both residential and occupied by institutions and organizations where the population can live. They verified the data on the composition of the enumeration area, specified the number of actually living population.

II. From October 8 to 16, a direct population survey took place. Every resident of the country, every household, as well as foreign citizens temporarily located in Russia, were taken into account.

III. After the end of the All-Russian population census for five days (from October 17 to 21), the instructor-inspector conducted a selective control tour of the living quarters of the enumeration site in order to verify the completeness and correctness of the population record.

Census results

Population

According to the All-Russian population census, conducted as of October 9, 2002, the number of permanent population of the Russian Federation amounted to 145.2 million people.

Compared to the 1989 census, the population was reduced by 1.8 million people, including 1.6 million people living in urban areas, and 0.2 million people in rural areas.

The ratio of citizens and rural residents remained at the 1989 level - 73% and 27%, respectively. The population of the Russian Federation lives in 2940 urban settlements (cities and urban-type settlements) and 142 thousand rural settlements.

Changes in the distribution of urban population are characterized by the following data:

Grouping of urban settlements	Number of urban settlements			Number of residents in% of the total
Total urban settlements, including:
Cities, of which with the number of inhabitants, thousand people:
1 million or more
Urban settlements

More than 90% of the urban population lives in cities; the rest of the urban population lives in urban-type settlements.

In the Russian Federation, small cities with a population of up to 50 thousand people (70% of all cities) predominate, but only 17% of citizens live in them. The average number of residents per one such city is 22 thousand people.

More than a third of citizens live in 13 largest cities: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Yekaterinburg, Samara, Omsk, Kazan, Chelyabinsk, Rostov-on-Don, Ufa, Volgograd, Perm.

The distribution of the rural population is characterized by the following data:

Grouping of rural areas	The number of rural settlements	The number of inhabitants in them, thousand people	2002 in% by 1989 by number of inhabitants	Number of residents in% of the total
Total Rural Settlements
Including: Without population
With a population
Of these, with the number of inhabitants, people: 10 and less
3001 and more

Half of rural residents live in large and large rural settlements with a population of 1,000 or more.