Requirements for autonomous heat sources. Design of autonomous heat supply sources

19.12.2019

System of regulatory documents in construction

DESIGN OF AUTONOMOUS HEAT SUPPLY SOURCES

SP 41-104-2000

STATE COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR
CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND COMMUNAL COMPLEX
(GOSSTROY RUSSIA)

FOREWORD

1 DEVELOPED by the State Design, Engineering and Research Institute "SantekhNIIproekt" with the participation of the State Enterprise - Center for Methodology of Rationing and Standardization in Construction (GP CNS) and a group of specialists.

APPROVED for use in the CIS countries by Protocol No. 16 of December 2, 1999, of the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (MNTKS).

INTRODUCTION

The decision on the application of this document in the design and construction of specific buildings and structures falls within the competence of the design or construction organization. In the event that a decision has been made to apply this document, all the rules established therein are mandatory. Partial use of the requirements and rules contained in this document is not allowed.

This Code of Practice provides requirements for space-planning and structural solutions of freestanding, attached to buildings, built-in roof boiler houses, based on the conditions for ensuring explosion and fire safety of the boiler room and the main building. Recommendations are given on the calculation of heat loads and heat consumption, on the calculation and selection of equipment, fittings and pipelines.

In the development of the Code of Rules took part: V.A. Glukharev (Gosstroy of Russia); AND I. Sharipov, A.S. Bogachenkova (SantekhNIIproekt); L.S. Vasiliev (GP CNS).

CONSIDERATIONS FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

DESIGN OF AUTONOMOUS HEAT SUPPLY SOURCES

DESIGN OF INDEPENDENT HEAT SUPPLY SOURCES

1 AREA OF USE

Designing of new and reconstructed boiler rooms should be carried out in accordance with the approved heat supply schemes of urban and rural settlements, developed taking into account the construction of autonomous boiler rooms.

In the absence of an approved heat supply scheme or in the absence of options for autonomous boiler rooms in the scheme, design is allowed on the basis of the relevant feasibility studies agreed in the established manner.

These rules do not apply to the design of autonomous boiler rooms with electrode boilers, waste heat boilers, boilers with high-temperature organic coolants and other specialized types of boilers for technological purposes, boilers and boilers for apartment heating and hot water supply systems.

2 REGULATORY LINKS

For boilers built into industrial buildings of industrial enterprises when using boilers with steam pressure up to 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2) and water temperature up to 115 ° C, the thermal capacity of the boilers is not standardized. The thermal power of boilers with a steam pressure of more than 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2) and a water temperature of more than 115 ° C should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bestablished by the "Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Steam and Water Boilers", approved by the State Technical Supervision of Russia.

Roof boiler rooms for industrial buildings of industrial enterprises may be designed using boilers with steam pressure up to 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2) and water temperature up to 115 ° С. At the same time, the thermal power of such a boiler room should not exceed the heat demand of the building for which it is intended for heat supply.

It is not allowed to place roof and built-in boiler rooms above and below the production rooms and warehouses of categories A and B for explosive and fire hazard.

3.4 It is not allowed to embed boiler rooms in residential multi-apartment buildings.

For residential buildings, the installation of attached and roof boiler rooms is allowed. These boiler rooms can be designed using hot water boilers with water temperatures up to 115 ° C. At the same time, the thermal power of the boiler room should not be more than 3.0 MW. It is not allowed to design attached boilers directly adjacent to residential buildings from the side of entrance entrances and wall sections with window openings, where the distance from the external wall of the boiler room to the nearest window of the living room is less than 4 m horizontally, and the distance from the boiler room to the nearest window of the living room is less than 8 m vertically.

It is not allowed to place the roof boiler rooms directly on the ceilings of residential premises (the overlapping of the living room cannot serve as the basement of the boiler room floor), as well as adjacent to residential premises (the wall of the building to which the roof boiler house is attached cannot serve as the wall of the boiler room).

3.5 For public, administrative and domestic buildings, the design of built-in, attached and roof boiler rooms is allowed with the use of:

Water boilers with water heating temperature up to 115 ° С;

Steam boilers with saturated steam pressure up to 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2) satisfying the condition ( t-100)V£ 100 for each boiler, where t - saturated steam temperature at operating pressure, ° С; V - boiler water volume, m 3.

Moreover, in boilers located in the basement, it is not allowed to provide boilers designed to operate on gaseous and liquid fuels with a flash point of vapors below 45 ° C.

The total heat output of an autonomous boiler room must not exceed:

3.0 MW - for the roof and built-in boiler room with boilers for liquid and gaseous fuels;

1.5 MW - for an integrated boiler room with solid fuel boilers.

The total heat output of the attached boiler houses is not limited.

It is not allowed to place attached boilers from the main facade of the building. The distance from the wall of the boiler building to the nearest window should be at least 4 m horizontally, and from the boiler room to the nearest window - at least 8 m vertically. Such boiler rooms are not allowed to be placed adjacent to, under and above the premises with the simultaneous stay of more than 50 people in them.

The design of roof, built-in and attached boiler rooms to the buildings of preschool and school institutions, to the medical buildings of hospitals and clinics with round-the-clock patient stay, to the sleeping buildings of sanatoriums and recreation facilities is not allowed.

3.6 The possibility of installing a roof boiler room on buildings of any purpose above the 26.5 m mark should be coordinated with the local authorities of the State Fire Service.

3.7 Thermal loads for the calculation and selection of boiler equipment should be determined for three modes:

maximum - at outdoor temperature in the coldest five-day period;

medium - at an average outdoor temperature in the coldest month;

The indicated calculated outdoor temperatures are adopted in accordance with SNiP 23-01 and SNiP 2.04.05.

3.8 In order to provide heat to buildings and structures with emergency heating or interruptions in the operation of heating systems, it should be possible to operate the boiler equipment with variable loads.

3.9 The design capacity of the boiler room is determined by the sum of the heat consumption for heating and ventilation at the maximum mode (maximum heat load) and the heat load on the hot water supply under the average mode and the design load on the process goals under the average mode. When determining the design capacity of a boiler room, the heat consumption for the boiler room’s own needs, including heating in the boiler room, must also be taken into account.

3.10 Maximum heat load for heating Q about max ventilation Q v max and average heat load on hot water supply Q hm Residential, public and industrial buildings should be accepted for the respective projects.

In the absence of projects, it is allowed to determine the thermal load in accordance with the requirements.

3.11 The calculated thermal loads on the technological processes and the amount of condensate returned should be taken according to the projects of industrial enterprises.

When determining the total heat loads for the enterprise, it is necessary to take into account the mismatch of the maximum heat loads on the technological processes for individual consumers.

3.12 Average heat load on hot water supply Q hm should be determined by the norms of consumption of hot water in accordance with SNiP 2.04.01.

3.13 In the absence of projects, heat loads for heating, ventilation and hot water supply determine:

for enterprises - according to integrated departmental standards approved in the established manner, or for projects of similar enterprises;

for residential and public buildings - according to the formulas:

a) maximum heat consumption for heating residential and public buildings, W

where q o - an aggregated indicator of the maximum heat consumption for heating and ventilation of a building per 1 m 2 of the total area, W / m 2;

A - total area of \u200b\u200bthe building, m 2;

k 1 - coefficient taking into account the share of heat consumption for heating public buildings; in the absence of data should be taken equal to 0.25;

b) maximum heat consumption for ventilation of public buildings, W

(2)

where k 2 - coefficient taking into account the share of heat consumption for ventilation of public buildings; in the absence of data should be taken equal: for public buildings built before 1985 - 0.4, after 1985 - 0.6.

c) average heat consumption for hot water supply of residential and public buildings, W

(3)

where 1,2 is a coefficient taking into account heat transfer to the premises from the pipelines of the hot water supply system (bathroom heating, drying of linen);

m - number of persons;

a - water consumption rate in l at a temperature of 55 ° C for residential buildings per person per day, which is adopted in accordance with SNiP 2.04.01;

b - same for public buildings; in the absence of data is taken equal to 25 liters per day per person;

t c - temperature of cold (tap) water during the heating period (in the absence of data, it is taken equal to 5 ° C);

from - specific heat of water, taken equal to 4.187 kJ / (kg × ° C);

q n - an aggregated indicator of the average heat consumption for hot water supply, W / h, per person, is taken by.

n hy - estimated number of days in a year of operation of the hot water supply system; in the absence of data should be taken 350 days;

z - the number of hours of operation of the ventilation system of public buildings averaged over the heating period during the day (in the absence of data, it is assumed to be 16 hours).

3.14 The annual heat consumption by enterprises should be determined on the basis of the number of days the company operates in a year, the number of work shifts per day, taking into account the daily and annual heat consumption of the enterprise; for existing enterprises, annual heat consumption is allowed to be determined from the reported data.

3.15. The technological scheme and layout of the boiler equipment should provide:

Optimal mechanization and automation of technological processes, safe and convenient maintenance of equipment; the smallest length of communications;

Optimal conditions for mechanization of repair work.

Automation of technological processes of individual boiler rooms should ensure safe operation without a permanent staff.

For the repair of equipment nodes, fittings and pipelines weighing more than 50 kg, inventory lifting devices should be provided. If it is impossible to service equipment using inventory devices for these purposes, stationary lifting devices (hoists, hoists) should be provided. Stationary lifting devices, necessary when performing only installation work, are not provided for by the project.

3.16. In autonomous boiler rooms, repair areas are not provided. Repair of equipment, fittings, control and regulation devices should be carried out by specialized organizations that have the appropriate licenses, using their lifting devices and bases.

3.17 The equipment of autonomous boiler rooms should be located in a separate room, inaccessible to unauthorized entry by unauthorized persons.

3.18. For freestanding and attached autonomous boiler rooms, paved driveways should be provided.

3.19 For built-in and attached autonomous boiler rooms, it is necessary to provide closed warehouses for storing solid or liquid fuel located outside the boiler room and the building for which it is intended for heat supply.

4 VOLUME-PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS

4.1 When designing buildings of autonomous boiler rooms, one should be guided by the requirements of SNiP II-35, as well as the requirements of building codes and rules of those buildings and structures for the heat supply of which they are intended.

4.2 It is recommended to choose the appearance, material and color of the external enclosing structures of the boiler house, taking into account the architectural appearance of the buildings and structures located nearby or the building to which it is attached, or on the roof of which it is located.

4.4 In autonomous boiler rooms with a permanent stay of maintenance personnel, a restroom with a washbasin, a closet for storing clothes, a place for eating should be provided.

If it is impossible to ensure gravity drainage of effluents from the toilet to the sewer network, the bathroom in the boiler room is not allowed to be provided, provided it is possible to use the toilet in the buildings closest to the boiler room, but not further than 50 m.

4.5. Built-in boiler rooms shall be separated from adjacent rooms by type 2 fire walls or type 1 fire walls and type 3 fire ceilings. The attached boiler rooms should be separated from the main building by a type 2 fire wall. At the same time, the wall of the building to which the boiler room is attached must have a fire resistance limit of REI 45 (at least 0.75 hours), and the boiler room must be covered from materials of the NG group (non-combustible).

The supporting and enclosing structures of roof boiler rooms must have a fire resistance limit of REI 45 (0.75 h), flame propagation limit according to the design of group RP1 (equal to zero), and the roofing of the main building under the boiler room and at a distance of 2 m from its walls should be made of materials NG groups (non-combustible) or to be protected from fire by a concrete screed with a thickness of at least 20 mm.

The inner surfaces of the walls of the built-in and roof boiler rooms should be painted with moisture-resistant paints.

4.6 The enclosing and structural materials for autonomous boiler rooms must have a technical certificate, a hygienic and fire certificate of compliance with the requirements of Russian norms and standards.

4.7 The minimum height of the boiler room from the mark of a clean floor to the bottom of the protruding floor structures (in the light) should be at least 2.5 m.

4.8. Self-contained boiler houses built into buildings should be placed at the outer wall of the building at a distance of no more than 12 m from the exit of these buildings.

4.9 Of the boiler houses built into buildings, the following exits should be provided:

With a boiler length of 12 m or less - one exit through a corridor or stairwell;

With a boiler length of more than 12 m - an independent exit to the outside.

4.10 Exits from attached boiler rooms should be provided directly outside. Ladder marches for built-in boiler rooms can be placed in the dimensions of common stairwells, separating these marches from the rest of the staircase with fireproof partitions and ceilings with a fire resistance limit of REI 45 (0.75 h).

For roof boilers should provide:

Exit the boiler room directly to the roof;

Access to the roof from the main building by the flight of stairs;

With a roof slope of more than 10%, navigation bridges should be provided with a width of 1 m, with a railing from the exit to the roof to the boiler room and around the perimeter of the boiler room. The construction of bridges and railings should be provided from non-combustible materials.

4.11 Doors and gates of boiler rooms should open outwards.

4.12 Placement of boilers and auxiliary equipment in boiler rooms (distance between boilers and building structures, passage widths), as well as the arrangement of platforms and ladders for equipment maintenance, depending on the heat carrier parameters, should be provided for in accordance with the “Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Steam and Water Boilers” approved by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia, “Rules for the design and safe operation of steam boilers with a steam pressure of not more than 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2), hot water boilers c and water heaters with a water heating temperature not exceeding 388 K (115 ° C) ”, as well as in accordance with passports and operating instructions for boilers.

For autonomous automated boiler rooms operating without a permanent attendant, the dimensions of the aisles are taken in accordance with the passports and operating instructions and should provide free access for maintenance, installation and dismantling of equipment.

4.13 For the installation of equipment whose dimensions exceed the dimensions of the doors, mounting openings or gates in the walls should be provided in the boiler rooms, while the dimensions of the mounting opening and gates should be 0.2 m larger than the dimensions of the largest equipment or pipeline block.

4.14 Technological equipment with static and dynamic loads that do not cause stresses in the underlying floor layer that exceed the voltage from the effects of mounting and transport loads should be installed without foundations.

For built-in and roof boiler rooms, technological equipment should be provided, the static and dynamic loads of which allow it to be installed without foundations. At the same time, the static and dynamic loads from the equipment of the roof boiler room on the floor of the building should not exceed the bearing capacity of the used building structures of the building.

4.15 In the premises of boiler rooms, provision should be made for fencing with durable, moisture-resistant materials that allow easy cleaning.

4.16 In autonomous boiler rooms operating on liquid and gaseous fuels, easily discharged enclosing structures should be provided for at the rate of 0.03 m 2 per 1 m 3 of the volume of the room in which the boilers are located.

4.17 Categories of premises for explosive, explosive and fire hazard and fire resistance of buildings (premises) of autonomous boiler rooms should be taken in accordance with NPB 105.

4.18 Autonomous boiler rooms must ensure the sound pressure level in accordance with the requirements of SNiP II-12.

5 BOILERS AND BOILER ACCESSORIES

5.1 Technical characteristics of boilers (productivity, efficiency, aerodynamic and hydraulic drag and other operating parameters) are taken according to the manufacturer's factory (company) or according to the test data.

5.2 All boilers must have certificates of conformity with the requirements of Russian norms and standards, and boilers that run on gaseous fuels and steam boilers with a vapor pressure of more than 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2), in addition, must have a permit from the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia on the use of steam boilers and gas equipment components.

5.3 Boilers, auxiliary equipment, shut-off and control valves, instruments and means of control and regulation must have a technical passport in Russian, installation, commissioning and operation instructions, warranty obligations, and customer service addresses.

5.4. All gas equipment, shut-off and control valves of foreign manufacture must have certificates of compliance with the requirements of Russian norms and standards and permission of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia for their use.

5.5 The number and unit capacity of boilers installed in an autonomous boiler room should be selected according to the design capacity of the boiler room, but not less than two, checking the operation mode of the boilers for the night summer period of the year; at the same time, in case of failure of the boiler with the highest productivity, the remaining ones must provide heat supply for:

Technological heat supply and ventilation systems - in an amount determined by the minimum allowable loads (regardless of the outside temperature);

Heating, ventilation and hot water - in the amount determined by the regime of the coldest month.

5.6 To ensure the possibility of installation and reconstruction of roof and built-in self-contained boiler rooms, it is recommended to use small-sized boilers. The design of the boilers should provide the convenience of technological maintenance and quick repair of individual components and parts.

5.7 In autonomous boiler rooms, when using boilers with a high thermal voltage of the furnace volume, it is recommended to heat water for heating and ventilation systems in the secondary circuit.

5.8 The performance of water heaters for heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems should be determined by the maximum heat consumption for heating, ventilation and air conditioning. The number of heaters must be at least two. At the same time, if one of them fails, the remaining ones must ensure the release of heat in the coldest month mode.

For heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems that do not allow interruptions in the supply of heat, the installation of a backup heater should be provided.

5.9. The performance of water heaters for a hot water supply system should be determined by the maximum heat consumption for hot water supply. The number of heaters must be at least two. Moreover, each of them should be designed for heat supply for hot water supply in the mode of average heat consumption.

5.10 The performance of heaters for technological installations should be determined by the maximum heat consumption for technological needs, taking into account the coefficient of simultaneity of heat consumption by various technological consumers. The number of heaters must be at least two. In this case, if one of them fails, the remaining ones must provide heat supply to technological consumers, which do not allow interruptions in the supply of heat.

5.11 In stand-alone boiler houses, water-cooled horizontal sectional shell-and-tube or plate heaters should be used.

As shell-and-tube sectional water heaters, it is recommended to use water-to-water heaters according to GOST 27590, consisting of shell-and-tube type sections with a block of support partitions for a coolant with a pressure of up to 1.6 MPa and a temperature of up to 150 ° C.

As lamellar, domestic-made water heaters according to GOST 15518 or imported, having a certificate of conformity, can be used.

5.12 For hot water systems, the use of capacitive water heaters is allowed using them as hot water storage tanks.

5.13 For water-to-water heaters, a countercurrent flow pattern of heat carriers should be used.

For horizontal sectional shell-and-tube water heaters, the heating water from the boilers must come:

for water heaters of the heating system - into tubes;

for water heaters of the hot water supply system - into the annulus.

For plate heat exchangers, heated water should pass along the first and last plates.

For steam-water heaters, steam must enter the annulus.

5.14 For hot water systems, horizontal sectional shell-and-tube water heaters should be used with brass or stainless steel pipes, and capacitive ones with brass or stainless steel coils. For plate heat exchangers stainless steel plates according to GOST 15518 should be used.

5.15 Each steam-water heater should be equipped with a steam trap or overflow regulator for condensate drainage, fittings with shut-off valves for air discharge and drainage and a safety valve provided for in accordance with the requirements of PB 10-115 of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia.

5.16 Capacitive water heaters should be equipped with safety valves installed on the side of the heated medium, as well as air and drain devices.

With a dual circuit:

Primary circuit pumps for supplying water from boilers to heating, ventilation and hot water heaters;

Network pumps for heating systems (secondary circuit pumps);

Network pumps of hot water supply systems;

Hot water circulation pumps.

With a single-circuit circuit:

Network pumps for heating, ventilation and hot water;

Hot water recirculation pumps.

5.18 When choosing the pumps indicated in, you should take:

Supply of primary circuit pumps, m 3 / h

(11)

where G do - estimated maximum flow of heating water from boilers;

t 1 - temperature of heating water at the exit from the boilers, ° С;

t 2 - return water temperature at the inlet to the boiler, ° С;

The pressure of the primary circuit pumps is 20-30 kPa higher than the sum of the pressure losses in the pipelines from the boilers to the heater, in the heater and in the boiler;

The supply of secondary pumps, m 3 / h

(12)

where G o - estimated maximum water flow for heating and ventilation;

t 1 - water temperature in the supply pipe of the heating system at the calculated outdoor temperature for heating design, ° C;

t 2 - water temperature in the return pipe of the heating system, ° C;

The pressure of the secondary pumps is 20-30 kPa more than the pressure loss in the heating system;

Supply of network pumps for hot water supply, m 3 / h

(13)

The pressure of the network hot water pumps is 20-30 kPa greater than the sum of the pressure losses in the pipelines from the boilers to the hot water heater, in the heater and in the boiler;

Supply of circulation pumps for hot water supply in the amount of 10% of the estimated flow rate of water for hot water supply

(14)

where G max - maximum hourly water flow for hot water supply, m 3 / h, calculated by the formula

(15)

where t h 1 - hot water temperature, ° C;

t h 2 - cold water temperature, ° С.

5.19 In order to receive excess water in the system when it is heated and to replenish the heating system in the presence of leaks in autonomous boilers, it is recommended to provide expansion tanks of a diaphragm type:

For heating and ventilation system;

Boiler systems (primary circuit).

6 WATER TREATMENT AND WATER-CHEMICAL MODE

6.1. The water-chemical operating mode of an autonomous boiler room must ensure the operation of boilers, heat-consuming equipment and pipelines without corrosion damage and scale and sludge deposits on internal surfaces.

6.2 Water treatment technology should be selected depending on the requirements for the quality of feed and boiler water, water for heating and hot water supply systems, the quality of the source water and the quantity and quality of waste water.

6.3 Water quality for boilers and heat supply systems must meet the requirements of GOST 21563.

The water quality for hot water systems must meet sanitary standards.

6.4 The feed water quality of steam boilers with a steam pressure of more than 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2) with natural and forced circulation should be taken in accordance with the requirements of the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Steam and Water Boilers of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia.

The feed water quality of steam boilers with a steam pressure of less than 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2) with natural circulation must meet the following requirements:

6.5. As a source of water supply for autonomous boiler houses, household-drinking water supply should be used.

6.6 In autonomous boiler rooms with hot water boilers, in the absence of heating networks, it is allowed not to provide for the installation of water treatment if the initial and emergency filling of heating systems and boiler circuits with chemically treated water or condensate is provided.

6.7 If it is impossible to initially and emergencyly fill the heating systems and boiler circuits with chemically treated water or condensate to protect the heating systems and equipment from corrosion and scale deposits, it is recommended that corrosion inhibitors (complexones) be dosed into the circulation circuit.

6.8 Magnetic water treatment for hot water systems should be provided subject to the following conditions:

6.9. The magnetic field strength in the working gap of electromagnetic devices should not exceed 159 × 10 3 A / m.

In the case of the use of electromagnetic devices, it is necessary to provide for the control of the magnetic field strength by current.

6.10 If the source water in an autonomous boiler room meets the following quality indicators:

water treatment for hot water supply systems is not required.

7 FUEL SUPPLY

7.1. The types of fuel for autonomous boiler rooms, as well as the need for a backup or emergency type of fuel, are established taking into account the category of the boiler room, based on local operating conditions, in agreement with the fuel supply organizations.

7.2 For built-in and attached autonomous boiler rooms for solid or liquid fuel, a fuel storage facility located outside the boiler room and heated buildings should be provided with a capacity calculated from the daily fuel consumption based on storage conditions, not less than:

solid fuel - 7 days,

liquid fuel - 5 days.

The number of liquid fuel tanks is not standardized.

7.3 The daily fuel consumption of the boiler room is determined by:

For steam boilers based on their operation mode at rated heat output;

For boilers based on the operation in the heat load mode of the boiler room at an average temperature of the coldest month.

7.4 A solid fuel storage warehouse should be provided with a closed unheated.

7.5 For liquid fuel of built-in and attached boiler rooms, if necessary, it is heated in external containers, the coolant of the same boiler rooms is used.

7.6 For built-in and attached boiler rooms, the capacity of the supply tank installed in the boiler room should not exceed 0.8 m 3.

7.7 For built-in, attached and roof boiler rooms for residential and public buildings, the supply of natural gas with a pressure of up to 5 kPa should be provided, for industrial buildings - in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.04.08. At the same time, open sections of the gas pipeline should be laid along the outer wall of the building along the piers with a width of at least 1.5 m.

7.8 The following shall be installed on the boiler gas supply line:

The disconnecting device with an insulating flange on the outer wall of the building at a height of not more than 1.8 m;

Electric shut-off valve with electric actuator inside the boiler room;

Shutoff valves at the outlet to each boiler or gas burner device.

7.9 In order to disconnect boilers or sections of gas pipelines with faulty gas fittings that are operated with gas leaks from the existing gas pipeline, after the shut-off valves in the boiler rooms, installation of plugs should be provided.

7.10. The internal diameters of gas pipelines must be determined by calculation from the conditions for gas supply during hours of maximum gas consumption.

The diameter of the pipeline should be determined by the formula

(16)

where d - gas pipeline diameter, cm;

Q - gas consumption, m 3 / h, at a temperature of 20 ° C and a pressure of 0.10132 MPa (760 mm Hg);

t - gas temperature, ° C;

p m - average gas pressure at the calculated section of the gas pipeline, kPa;

V - gas velocity, m / s.

7.11 In the hydraulic calculation of elevated and internal gas pipelines, a gas velocity of not more than 7 m / s for low pressure gas pipelines and 15 m / s for medium pressure gas pipelines should be taken.

7.12 Gas pipelines should be provided directly to the rooms where boilers are installed, or to corridors.

Entries of gas pipelines into buildings of industrial enterprises and other buildings of a production nature should be provided directly to the room where the boilers are located, or to a room adjacent to it, provided that these rooms are connected with an open opening. In this case, the air exchange in the adjacent room should be at least three times per hour.

It is not allowed to lay gas pipelines in basements, elevator rooms, ventilation chambers and shafts, garbage collection rooms, transformer substations, switchgears, engine rooms, storage rooms, rooms related to explosive and fire hazard categories A and B.

8 PIPELINES AND FITTINGS

8.1 Technological pipelines

8.1.1 In autonomous boiler rooms, steam pipelines from boilers, supply and return pipelines of the heat supply system, connecting pipelines between equipment and others shall be provided for unary.

8.1.2 Pipelines in autonomous boiler rooms should be provided from steel pipes recommended in.

Conventional pipe diameter D umm	Regulatory documentation for pipes	steel grade	Limit parameters
			Temperature ° C	Working pressure, MPa (kgf / cm 2)
Longitudinal electric-welded pipes
15-400	Technical requirements forGOST 10705 (group B, heat-treated). Assortment byGOST 10704	VSt3sp5; 10, 20		1,6 (16)
				1,6 (16)
150-400	8.2.7 Vertical gas pipelines at the intersection of building structures should be laid in cases. The space between the gas pipeline and the case must be sealed with elastic material. The end of the case should protrude at least 3 cm above the floor, and its diameter should be taken so that the annular gap between the gas pipeline and the case is at least 5 mm for gas pipelines with a nominal diameter of up to 32 mm and at least 10 mm for gas pipelines with a larger diameter. 8.2.8 At the boiler house gas pipelines, purge pipelines should be provided from the gas pipeline sections farthest from the entry point, as well as from the bends to each boiler before the last disconnecting device along the gas path. Combination of purge pipelines from gas pipelines with the same gas pressure is allowed, with the exception of purge pipelines for gases having a density greater than air density. The diameter of the purge pipe should be taken at least 20 mm. After the disconnecting device, a fitting with a tap for sampling should be provided on the purge pipe if the fitting for connecting the igniter cannot be used for this. 8.2.9 For the construction of gas supply systems, steel straight-seam and spiral-seam welded and seamless pipes made of well-welded steel containing not more than 0.25% carbon, 0.056% sulfur and 0.046% phosphorus should be used. The thickness of the walls of the pipes should be determined by calculation in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.04.12 and take it as the nearest larger pipe according to the standards or technical specifications allowed by these standards for use. 8.2.10 Steel pipes for the construction of external and internal gas pipelines should include groups B and D made of quiet mild steel of group B according to GOST 380 no lower than the second category, grades St2, St3, and St4 with a carbon content of not more than 0, 25%; steel grades 08, 10, 15, 20 according to GOST 1050; low-alloy steel grades 09G2S, 17GS, 17G1S GOST 19281 not lower than the sixth category: steel 10G2 GOST 4543. 8.2.11 It is allowed to use steel pipes specified in 8.2.10, but made of semi-quiet and boiling steel, for internal gas pipelines with a wall thickness of not more than 8 mm, if the temperature of the pipe walls during operation does not drop below 0 ° C for pipes from boiling steel and below 10 ° C for pipes made of semi-quiet steel. 8.2.12 For external and internal low pressure gas pipelines, including bent bends and connecting parts, it is allowed to use pipes of groups A, B, C made of calm, semi-quiet and boiling steel of grades St1, St2, St3, St4 of categories 1, 2, 3 groups A, B and C according to GOST 380 and 08, 10, 15, 29 according to GOST 1050. Steel grades 08 may be used for a feasibility study, grade St4 - with a carbon content of not more than 0.25%. 8.2.13 Gates, taps, gate valves and butterfly valves, provided for gas supply systems as shut-off valves (shut-off devices), shall be designed for the gas environment. The tightness of the valves must correspond to class I according to GOST 9544. Electrical equipment of actuators and other elements of pipeline valves according to the requirements of explosion safety should be adopted in accordance with the EMP. Cranes and butterfly valves must have limiters and position indicators "open - closed", and valves with a non-rising spindle - indicators of the degree of opening. 8.3 Liquid fuel pipelines 8.3.1. The supply of liquid fuel by the fuel pumps from the fuel storage to the supply tank in the boiler room shall be provided for one line. The coolant supply to the plants for fuel supply of boiler rooms is provided for by one pipeline in accordance with the number of fuel supply lines to the fuel consumption storage in the boiler room. For boiler houses operating on light petroleum fuels, fuel pipelines should provide for: The disconnecting device with an insulating flange and a quick-acting shut-off valve with an electric actuator at the fuel inlet to the boiler room; Shutoff valves at the outlet to each boiler or burner; Shutoff valves at a branch to the drain line. 8.3.2 Laying of fuel lines should be provided above ground. Underground installation in impassable channels with removable ceilings with minimal channel deepening without backfilling is allowed. In the places where the channels adjoin the outer wall of the building, the channels should be filled up or have fireproof diaphragms. Fuel lines must be laid with a slope of at least 0.003%. It is forbidden to lay fuel pipes directly through gas ducts, air ducts and ventilation shafts. 8.3.3 Electric fuel pipelines and steel fittings shall be provided for liquid fuel pipelines. 9 HEAT INSULATION 9.1 Thermal insulation shall be provided for equipment, pipelines, fittings and flange connections, ensuring the temperature on the surface of the heat-insulating structure located in the working or serviced area of \u200b\u200bthe room, for coolants with a temperature above 100 ° C - not more than 45 ° C, and with a temperature below 100 ° С - no more than 35 ° С. When designing thermal insulation, the requirements of SNiP 2.04.14 must be met. 9.2 Materials and products for heat-insulating structures of equipment, pipelines and fittings in roof, built-in and attached boiler rooms in residential and public buildings should be taken from non-combustible materials. 9.3 The thickness of the main heat-insulating layer for fittings and flange joints should be taken equal to the thickness of the main heat-insulating layer of the pipeline on which they are installed. It is allowed to use asbestos-cement plaster as a cover layer of heat-insulating structures with subsequent painting with oil paint. 9.4. Depending on the purpose of the pipeline and the environmental parameters, the surface of the pipeline should be painted in the appropriate color and labeled in accordance with the requirements of PB 03-75 of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia. Coloring, symbols, letter sizes and the location of inscriptions must comply with GOST 14202. 10 SMOKE PIPES 10.1 The height of the chimneys with artificial draft is determined in accordance with OND-86. The height of the chimneys during natural draft is determined based on the results of aerodynamic calculation of the gas-air path and is checked according to the conditions of dispersion of harmful substances in the atmosphere. 10.2 When calculating the dispersion of harmful substances in the atmosphere, the maximum permissible concentrations of ash, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides should be taken. Moreover, the amount of emitted harmful emissions is taken, as a rule, according to the data of plants (firms) of boiler manufacturers, in the absence of these data is determined by calculation. 10.3 The speed of the flue gases at the outlet of the chimney with natural draft is taken at least 6-10 m / s based on the conditions for preventing blowing out when the boiler is operating at reduced loads. 10.4 The height of the mouth of the chimneys for built-in, attached and roof boiler rooms should be above the boundary of the wind support, but not less than 0.5 m above the ridge of the roof, and also at least 2 m above the roof of a higher part of the building or the tallest building within a radius of 10 m . 10.5 For autonomous boiler rooms, chimneys must be gas-tight, made of metal or non-combustible materials. Pipes should have, as a rule, external thermal insulation to prevent the formation of condensation and hatches for inspection and cleaning, closed by doors. 10.6 Chimneys should be designed vertically without ledges. 10.7 The mouths of brick chimneys to a height of 0.2 m should be protected from precipitation. The installation of umbrellas, baffles and other nozzles on chimneys is not allowed. 10.8 The distance from the outer surface of brick pipes or concrete chimneys to rafters, battens and other roof parts made of combustible and slow-burning materials should be provided for at least 130 mm, from ceramic pipes without insulation - 250 mm, and for thermal insulation with heat transfer resistance 0, 3 m 2 × ° C / W non-combustible or non-combustible materials - 130 mm. The space between chimneys and roof structures made of combustible or slow-burning materials should be covered by non-combustible roofing materials. 10.9 Corrosion protection of the external steel structures of brick and reinforced concrete chimneys, as well as the surfaces of steel pipes, should be provided. 10.10 The choice of design for protecting the inner surface of the chimney from aggressive environmental influences should be made based on the conditions of fuel combustion. 11 AUTOMATION 11.1 Means of automatic regulation, protection, control and signaling should ensure the operation of boiler rooms without permanent maintenance personnel. 11.2 Equipment protection 11.2.1 For steam boilers designed to burn gaseous or liquid fuels, regardless of the vapor pressure and capacity, devices should be provided that automatically stop the supply of fuel to the burners when: d) lowering the air pressure in front of the burners for boilers equipped with burners with forced air supply; e) the extinction of the torches of burners, the shutdown of which is not allowed during the operation of the boiler; e) increasing steam pressure; g) increasing or decreasing the water level in the drum; 11.2.2 For boilers when burning gaseous or liquid fuels, devices should be provided that automatically cut off the fuel supply to the burners when: a) increasing or decreasing the pressure of the gaseous fuel in front of the burners; b) lowering the pressure of liquid fuel in front of the burners, except for boilers equipped with rotary burners; c) lowering the air pressure in front of the burners for boilers equipped with burners with forced air supply; d) reducing the vacuum in the furnace; e) extinction of the torch of the burners, the shutdown of which during the operation of the boiler is not allowed; e) increasing the temperature of the water leaving the boiler; g) increasing the water pressure at the outlet of the boiler; i) malfunctions of the protection circuits, including voltage failure. 11.2.3 For steam boilers with mechanized layered furnaces for burning solid fuel, devices should be provided that automatically shut off the draft units and mechanisms that supply fuel to the furnaces when: a) increasing and decreasing vapor pressure; b) lowering the air pressure under the grate; c) reduction of rarefaction in the furnace; g) increasing or decreasing the water level in the drum; e) faults in the protection circuits, including voltage failure. 11.2.4 For boilers with mechanized layered furnaces for burning solid fuel, devices should be provided that automatically turn off installations and mechanisms that supply fuel to the furnaces when: a) increasing the temperature of the water leaving the boiler; b) increasing the water pressure at the outlet of the boiler; c) reduction of rarefaction in the furnace; d) lowering the air pressure under the grill or behind the blower fans. 11.2.5 The limits of deviation of the parameters from the nominal values \u200b\u200bat which the protection should be activated are set by the factories (firms) manufacturers of technological equipment. 11.3 Signaling 11.3.1 In boiler rooms operating without permanent maintenance personnel, signals (light and sound) should be made to the control room: Equipment malfunctions, while the cause of the call is recorded in the boiler room; The response signal of the main high-speed shut-off valve of the boiler fuel supply; For boiler houses operating on gaseous fuels, upon reaching gas contamination of a room 10% of the lower flammability limit of natural gas. 11.4 Automatic regulation 11.4.1 Automatic control of combustion processes should be provided for boilers with chamber combustion of liquid and gaseous fuels, as well as with mechanized layered furnaces that allow their operation to be mechanized. Automatic regulation of boiler houses operating without permanent attendants should provide for automatic operation of the main and auxiliary equipment of the boiler room, depending on the specified operating parameters and taking into account the automation of heat-consuming plants. The boilers should be started when they are switched off emergency after manual troubleshooting. 11.4.2 In the circulation pipelines of hot water supply and in the pipeline in front of the mains pumps, automatic pressure maintenance should be provided. 11.4.3 For steam-water heaters, automatic control of the condensate level must be provided. 11.4.4 In boiler rooms, automatic maintenance of the set temperature of the water entering the heat supply and hot water supply systems, as well as the set temperature of the return water entering the boilers should be provided, if this is provided for by the manufacturer's (company) manufacturer's instructions. For boiler rooms with boilers equipped with solid fuel furnaces that are not designed to automatically control the combustion process, automatic control of the water temperature is not allowed. 11.4.5 In the design of the boiler room, it is necessary to provide regulators of gaseous fuel pressure, temperature and pressure of liquid fuel. 11.5 The control 11.5.1 To control the parameters, monitoring of which is necessary during the operation of the boiler room, indicating devices should be provided: To control the parameters, the change of which can lead to the emergency state of the equipment, - signaling indicators; To control the parameters, accounting of which is necessary for the analysis of equipment operation or business calculations, - recording or summing devices. 11.5.2 For boilers with a steam pressure above 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2) and a capacity of less than 4 t / h, indicating instruments for measuring should be provided: The temperature and pressure of the feed water in the common line in front of the boilers; Steam pressure and water level in the drum; Air pressure under the grill or in front of the burner; Vacuum in the furnace; Liquid and gaseous fuel pressures in front of burners. 11.5.3 For boilers with a steam pressure of up to 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2) and boilers with a water temperature of up to 115 ° C, indicating instruments for measuring should be provided: Water temperatures in the common pipeline in front of hot water boilers and at the outlet of each boiler (to shut-off valves); Steam pressure in the drum of the steam boiler; Air pressure after the blower fan; Vacuum in the furnace; Vacuum behind the boiler; Gas pressure in front of the burners. 11.5.4 In the design of the boiler room, indicating instruments for measuring should be provided: Temperatures of direct and return network water; The temperature of liquid fuel at the entrance to the boiler room; Pressure in the supply and return pipelines of heating networks; Pressure in the supply and return pipelines of the heating networks (before and after the sump); Water pressure in the nutrient lines; Liquid and gaseous fuel pressures in the lines in front of the boilers. 11.5.5 The design of the boiler house should include recording instruments for measuring: Steam temperatures in the general steam line to the consumer; Water temperatures in the supply pipe of the heat supply and hot water supply systems and in each return pipe; The temperature of the condensate returned to the boiler room; Steam pressure in the general steam line to the consumer (at the request of the consumer); Water pressure in each return pipe of the heat supply system; Pressure and temperature of the gas in the general gas pipeline of the boiler room; Water consumption in each supply pipeline of heat supply and hot water supply systems; Steam consumption to the consumer; Circulating water flow rate of hot water supply; Return condensate flow rate (total); Gas consumption in the general gas pipeline of the boiler room (summing up); Liquid fuel consumption in the forward and reverse lines (summing). 11.5.6 For pumping installations, indicating instruments for measuring should be provided: Water and liquid fuel pressures in the suction nozzles (after the stop valves) and in the pressure nozzles (before the stop valves) of the pumps; Steam pressure in front of steam feed pumps; Steam pressure after steam feed pumps (when using exhaust steam. 11.5.7 In installations for heating water and liquid fuels, it is necessary to provide indicating instruments for measuring: The temperature of the heated medium and heating water before and after each heater; Condensate temperatures after condensate coolers; The pressure of the heated medium in the common pipeline to the heaters and after each heater; Steam pressure to heaters. 11.5.8 For water treatment plants (except for the instruments specified in and) indicating devices for measuring should be provided: Water pressure before and after each filter; The flow rate of water entering each ion filter (when two filters are installed, a common flow meter for both filters is provided); Water consumption for water treatment (totalizing); Water consumption for loosening filters; Water consumption after each clarification filter; The flow rate of water entering each ejector of the preparation of the regeneration solution; The water level in the tanks. 11.5.9 For installations supplying boiler rooms with liquid fuel (except for the devices specified in and), indicating devices for measuring should be provided: Fuel temperatures in tanks; Fuel pressure before and after filters; Fuel level in tanks. 12 POWER SUPPLY 12.1 When designing the power supply of autonomous boiler rooms, one should be guided by the requirements of the Electrical Installation Code, SNiP II-35 and these rules. 12.2 Stand-alone boiler houses in terms of reliability of power supply should be attributed to power receivers of at least category II. 12.3 The selection of electric motors, starting equipment, control devices, lamps and wiring should be made for normal environmental conditions according to the characteristics of the premises, taking into account the following additional requirements: electric motors for exhaust fans installed in rooms of built-in, attached and roof boiler rooms with boilers designed to work on gaseous fuel and liquid fuel with a flash point of vapors of 45 ° C and below should be in the design provided by the PUE for premises of class B-1a . The starting equipment of these fans must be installed outside the boiler room and be performed in accordance with the environmental characteristics. If it is necessary to install start-up equipment in the boiler room, this equipment is adopted in the design provided by the PUE for premises of class B-1a. 12.4 Laying the cables of the supply and distribution networks should be carried out in boxes, pipes or openly on structures, and wires - only in boxes. 12.5. In autonomous boiler rooms, blocking of electric motors and fuel supply mechanisms to the boiler room should be provided. In boiler rooms without permanent attendants operating on liquid and gaseous fuels, automatic closure of the quick-acting shut-off valve at the fuel inlet to the boiler room should be provided: In the event of a power outage; With a gas signal of a gas boiler. Such boiler rooms must be protected against unauthorized access inside. 12.6 Automatic inclusion of standby (ATS) pumps is determined during design in accordance with the adopted process flow diagram. In this case, it is necessary to provide an alarm for emergency shutdown of the pumps. 12.7 In boiler rooms without permanent maintenance personnel, control of electric motors from the switchboard should be provided. 12.8 In autonomous boiler rooms, work lighting and emergency lighting should be provided. 12.9 Lightning protection of buildings and structures of autonomous boiler rooms should be carried out in accordance with RD 34.21.122. 12.10 Earthing shall be provided for metal parts of electrical installations which are not energized, and pipelines of gaseous and liquid fuels. 12.11 In boiler rooms it is necessary to provide for metering of electricity consumption (summing up). 13 HEATING AND VENTILATION 13.1 When designing the heating and ventilation of autonomous boiler rooms, one should be guided by the requirements of SNiP 2.04.05, SNiP II-35 and these rules. 13.2 When designing a heating system in autonomous boiler rooms operating without constant maintenance personnel, the calculated indoor air temperature is taken to + 5 ° C. 13.3 In autonomous boiler rooms, supply and exhaust ventilation must be provided, designed for air exchange, determined by the heat from pipelines and equipment. If it is not possible to provide the necessary air exchange due to natural ventilation, ventilation with mechanical motivation should be designed. 13.4 For rooms of built-in boiler houses operating on gaseous fuels, at least three times air exchange in 1 hour should be provided 14 WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE 14.1 Water supply systems for autonomous boiler rooms should be designed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.01, SNiP II-35. 14.2 For the fire extinguishing of autonomous boiler rooms and closed warehouses with a room volume of up to 150 m 3, the installation of mobile powder fire extinguishers should be provided. 14.3 Installation of gangways should be provided to drain water from emergency drains. 14.4 In the built-in and roof boiler rooms, the floor must have a waterproofing, calculated on the height of the bay with water up to 10 cm; entrance doors must have thresholds to prevent water from entering the boiler room in the event of a pipeline accident and a device for removing it into the sewer.

SP 41-104-2000

STATE COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR
CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND COMMUNAL COMPLEX
(GOSSTROY RUSSIA)

FOREWORD

INTRODUCTION

1 AREA OF USE

3 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

4 VOLUME-PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS

5 BOILERS AND BOILER ACCESSORIES

6 WATER TREATMENT AND WATER-CHEMICAL MODE

7 FUEL SUPPLY

8 PIPELINES AND FITTINGS

9 HEAT INSULATION

10 SMOKE PIPES

11 AUTOMATION

12 POWER SUPPLY

13 HEATING AND VENTILATION

14 WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE

INTRODUCTION

In the development of the Code of Rules took part: V.A. Glukharev (Gosstroy of Russia); AND I. Sharipov, A.S. Bogachenkova (SantekhNIIproekt); L.S. Vasiliev (GP CNS).

CONSIDERATIONS FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

DESIGN OF AUTONOMOUS HEAT SUPPLY SOURCES

DESIGN OF INDEPENDENT HEAT SUPPLY SOURCES

1 AREA OF USE

2 REGULATORY LINKS

GOST 380-94 Carbon steel of ordinary quality. Stamps

GOST 1050-88, long products, calibrated, with special surface finish of carbon high-quality structural steel. General specifications

GOST 3262-75 (ST SEV 107-74) Steel pipes for water and gas. Technical conditions

GOST 4543-71 Hire from alloy structural steel. Technical conditions

GOST 8731-87 (ST SEV 1482-78) Seamless hot-deformed steel pipes. Technical conditions

GOST 8732-78 (ST SEV 1481-78) Seamless hot-deformed steel pipes. Assortment

GOST 8733-74 Seamless steel pipes cold-deformed and heat-deformed. Technical requirements

GOST 8734-75 (ST SEV 1483-78) Seamless cold-deformed steel pipes. Assortment

GOST 9544-93 Stop valves. Valve tightness

GOST 10704-91 Electric-welded steel pipes. Assortment

GOST 10705-80 Electric-welded steel pipes. Technical conditions

GOST 14202-69 Pipelines of industrial enterprises. Identification coloring, warning signs and marking plates

GOST 15518-87 Lamellar heat exchangers. Types, parameters and main dimensions

GOST 19281-89 (ISO 4950-2-81, ISO 4950-3-81, ISO 4951-79, ISO 4995-78, ISO 4996-78, ISO 5952-83) Rolled steel of increased strength. General specifications

GOST 20295-85 Welded steel pipes for gas and oil pipelines. Technical conditions

GOST 21563-93 Water-heating boilers. Main parameters and technical requirements

GOST 27590-88E Water-to-water heaters of heat supply systems. General specifications

SNiP 23-01-99 Construction climatology

SNiP 2.04.01-85 * Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings

SNiP 2.04.05-91 * Heating, ventilation and air conditioning

SNiP 2.04.08-87 * Gas \u200b\u200bsupply

SNiP 2.04.12-86 Strength calculation of steel pipelines

SNiP 2.04.14-88 * Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines

SNiP II-12-77 Noise protection

SNiP II-35-76 Boiler systems

NPB 105-95 Definition of categories of premises and buildings for explosion and fire hazard

OND-86 Methodology for calculating atmospheric concentrations of harmful substances contained in enterprise emissions

Rules for the design and safe operation of steam and hot water boilers

Rules for the design and safe operation of steam boilers with a steam pressure of not more than 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2), hot water boilers and water heaters with a water heating temperature not exceeding 388 K (115 ° C)

PB 03-75-94 (ed. 2000). Rules for the design and safe operation of steam and hot water pipelines.

Electrical Installation Rules (PUE)

PB 10-115-96 Rules for the design and safe operation of pressure vessels

RD 34.21.122-87 Instructions for the installation of lightning protection of buildings and structures

3 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

3.1 Boilers for accommodation are divided into:

Freestanding

Attached to other buildings,

Built in buildings for other purposes, regardless of the floor of the placement,

Roof

3.2. The heating capacity of the built-in, attached and roof boiler should not exceed the heat demand of the building for which it is intended for heat supply.

In some cases, with the appropriate feasibility study, it is possible to use the built-in, attached or roof autonomous boiler room for heat supply of several buildings, if the heat load of additional consumers does not exceed 100% of the heat load of the main building. But at the same time, the total thermal power of the boiler room should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bspecified in 3.3-3.5.

3.3 For the production buildings of industrial enterprises, the design of attached, built-in and roof boiler rooms is allowed. For boiler rooms attached to buildings of the indicated purpose, the total heat output of the installed boilers, the unit capacity of each boiler and the heat carrier parameters are not standardized. At the same time, the boiler rooms should be located near the walls of the building, where the distance from the boiler room wall to the nearest opening should be at least 2 m horizontally, and the distance from the boiler room closure to the nearest opening should be at least 8 m.

For boilers built into industrial buildings of industrial enterprises when using boilers with steam pressure up to 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2) and water temperature up to 115 ° C, the thermal capacity of the boilers is not standardized. The thermal capacity of boilers with a steam pressure of more than 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2) and a water temperature of more than 115 ° C should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bestablished by the "Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Steam and Water Boilers", approved by the State Technical Supervision of Russia.

It is not allowed to place roof and built-in boiler rooms above and below the production rooms and warehouses of categories A and B for explosive and fire hazard.

3.4 It is not allowed to embed boiler rooms in residential multi-apartment buildings.

It is not allowed to place the roof boiler rooms directly on the ceilings of residential premises (the overlapping of the living room cannot serve as the basement of the boiler room floor), as well as adjacent to the living quarters (the wall of the building to which the roof boiler house is attached cannot serve as the wall of the boiler room).