When is the annual balance due for the year. Deadlines for the balance sheet

Any company pursues the goal of making a profit. Not less than important point– correctly distribute this cash gain. We are not interested in that share financial resources, which go to the further development of production. The topic we will cover is the payment of dividends and the reflection of this operation in the financial statements.

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What it is

Dividends are a portion of an organization's profits paid to shareholders. To receive his share, the owner of the company's shares must pay all the necessary payments. Most often, the co-founders of the company become shareholders. By investing in the formative stage of the organization, they want to multiply their capital.

According to the law Russian Federation Dividends are the income that members or shareholders receive from a company. After-tax profits are distributed proportionally. Under this definition, interest payments on preferred shares are also suitable.

• the fee that the shareholder receives in the event of reorganization or liquidation of the company (the amount does not exceed the size of the initial deposit);
• funds transferred non-profit organizations employees to fulfill the points of its charter;
• payments in the form of transfer of ownership of shares of the same company to shareholders.

Types and forms

Types and forms of dividends are distinguished, taking into account various characteristics.

An organization can pay dividends in two forms:

• money - this type is preferable for the investor, because it gives him more rights in relations with the organization. Non-receipt or receipt of payments in an incomplete amount obliges the company to pay additional interest for the delay;
• property (including company shares).

Video: Calculation in 1C Accounting 8

The procedure for calculating dividends in LLC

The legislation of the Russian Federation does not allow an LLC to pay dividends to shareholders more often than once a quarter. The decision on accrual Money accepted for everything general meeting members of the organization.

It is more expedient to hold such meetings at the end of the year. In this case, the owners of securities can immediately count on the maximum possible profit. The law prohibits an LLC from holding meetings earlier than 60 calendar days after the end of the year.

Shareholder meetings are very important. They agree on the terms of payment of proportionally distributed profits and other statutory provisions.

The term should not exceed two months from the date of the decision. If the time period was not approved at the meeting, then automatically it is 60 days.

If the company does not pay dividends, any co-founder can go to court. You can receive funds for the past 3 years.

LLC is not entitled to pay cash (or other alternative form of payment) to individuals and legal entities in such cases:

• before payment of the authorized capital in its full amount;
• if the organization is declared insolvent in the manner prescribed by law;
• if the capital of the company is less than the net assets.

An individual must pay income tax individuals. The amount of tax depends on whether the person is a resident or non-resident of the state. Since 2015, citizens have been paying 13% of their total income to the treasury.

A legal entity also needs to pay income tax. It may vary depending on the specific conditions of each particular case. The 0% rate, for example, is paid by participants who own more than 50% of the shares in authorized capital within a year before the decision to pay part of the income.

How to calculate dividends with the simplified tax system 6%

Organizations that, when calculating payments, are guided by a simplified taxation system, calculate net income as the difference between the accounting profitability and the single tax.

For simplicity, consider this example. The company applies the simplified tax system from the objects of "income" (6%). At the meeting, it was decided to make payments to shareholders from net profit. Tax resident of the Russian Federation Petrov I.P. was credited with the amount of 50,000 rubles. The payment deadline was September 2.

The first step is to calculate the amount of personal income tax. It must be deducted from the payout. The legislation for Petrov I.P. defines a rate of 13%.:

50 000 rub. * 13% = 6,500 rubles.

We deduct tax from the amount of payments.

50 000 rub. — 6 500 rubles. = 43,500 rubles.

On September 2, 43,500 rubles are transferred to Petrov I.P. On the same day, personal income tax in the amount of 6,500 rubles is paid to the budget (see clause 6, article 226 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Payouts

The most common payment method is in cash.

This simple form has several subtypes:

• cash payments on a regular basis;
• additional fees;
• special dividends;
• liquidation payments.

Payment by shares is of interest, first of all, to the owners of securities who are interested in expanding their capital and getting more income on subsequent payments.

The payment procedure takes place in 4 stages:

1. date of announcement - a decision is made on the payment and the timing of the subsequent stages is set;
2. ex-dividend date - after this date, the acquired shares do not give the right to receive part of the income for the previous period;
3. day of the census of holders of securities - registration of shareholders who are entitled to receive a proportional share of profits;
4. payment date.

Timing

At the general meeting of shareholders, not only the amount of proportional payments is approved, but also the period in which they must be paid. All founders must be informed about them on the day of the meeting.

Joint stock organizations and limited liability companies have the right to make payments not only at the end of the year, but also for six months, a quarter or a month. Deadlines are not regulated by law.

Taxation

From 1 January 2015 to Tax Code Russian Federation, there have been changes related to the taxation of dividend recipients.

Causes and consequences of non-payment

Reasons why the company did not pay in fixed time dividends are divided into respectful and disrespectful. Respectful cases include cases when the shareholder himself did not comply necessary condition. He, for example, must inform the company of his bank details in time.

It happens that a shareholder, changing his first name, last name or patronymic, forgets to notify the organization about it. However, after the oversight is corrected, the JSC is obliged to pay the guilty individual his share of the profits.

The organization may refer to a lack of funds. Such cases are already referred to as disrespectful reasons. The law (for details, see Articles 309 and 310 of the Civil Code) does not relieve the debtor of his obligations. The owner of the securities of the enterprise may demand through the judicial authorities the payment of the due funds.

Non-payment may also occur due to the absence of a responsible employee at the workplace on time. Another common situation is the transfer of funds by mistake to another bank card.

In Art. 402 of the Civil Code states that the actions of an employee in such cases are identified with the actions of the company itself. Thus, the whole organization is responsible for the negligence of one employee.

Recipients

Not only shareholders, but also nominal holders of shares can receive part of the income. According to the conditions established by law, they must be in the register.

The board of directors of the organization before each meeting of shareholders must create a list of individuals and legal entities entitled to receive a share of the profits.

If after the listing date the shares are sold to another person, the former owner still has all rights to the funds. The new owner of shares can receive payments only on the basis of a power of attorney issued on behalf of the previous owner.

The order in which dividends are received is as follows:

1. owners preferred shares which have advantages over the owners of other preferred papers;
2. owners of preferred shares for whom the amount of payments is established in the charter of the organization;
3. owners of preference shares for which the amount is not set;
4. owners of ordinary shares.

Accounting date

Although the legislation does not clearly define the required period for making payments, some recommendations can be found. Clause 4 of the Federal Law "On Joint Stock Companies" says that the money must be paid no later than 60 days from the date of the meeting at which the relevant decision was made.

Thus, the organization has the right to reduce the term, but not to increase it. At the end of the specified time period, a delay occurs, and the company is responsible to shareholders in accordance with the requirements of the law.

postings

Accountants must reflect in the documentation the payment. To do this, it is best to use a separate settlement with the co-founders for the payment of dividends (sub-account 75-2) and an account indicating the remuneration of personnel (account 70).

To display payouts in the report, you must use such transactions.

Who makes the decision and issues the order

The decision is made by the general meeting of shareholders. Additionally, the following points should be discussed: the amount of payments for each category, the form, the procedure for receiving, the date. An amount greater than that recommended by the board of directors cannot be approved at the meeting.

The decision gains legal force if the minutes of the meeting were drawn up, which have without fail the following items:

1. number and date of creation of the document;
2. date and place of the meeting;
3. items on the agenda;
4. signatures of all meeting participants.

In the press, you can see many publications on the procedure for accounting and taxation of dividends at their source. As for the reflection of dividends from the recipient, this topic is covered much less frequently, since it is considered simpler. An important role in such a description is played by the absence of tax risks for the recipient, since the obligation to calculate and transfer taxes to the budget lies with this case at the source of income. Nevertheless, the practice of auditing and consulting shows that recipients of dividends also do not always correctly reflect this operation in accounting.

In accordance with clauses 6 and 10.1 of PBU 9/99, income from participation in authorized capitals other organizations (when this is not the subject of the organization’s activities) are recognized as other income in the same manner as the recognition of revenue (income from common species activities), i.e. in the amount of receipt of cash and other property and (or) receivables.

At the same time, according to paragraph 16 of PBU 9/99, other receipts (including dividends) are recognized in accounting when the conditions provided for in paragraph 12 of this PBU for revenue recognition are met, namely:

• the organization has the right to receive income arising from a specific contract or otherwise confirmed in an appropriate manner;
• the amount of income can be determined;
• there is confidence that as a result of a particular operation there will be an increase in the economic benefits of the organization. Such assurance exists when the entity has received an asset in payment, or there is no uncertainty as to whether the asset will be received.

These three conditions for dividends are observed at the time of their announcement by the joint-stock company - the source of income.

Firstly, the company is obliged to pay dividends declared on shares of each category (type) (clause 1, article 42 of the JSC Law). Secondly, the term and procedure for paying dividends are determined by the charter of the company or by the decision of the general meeting of shareholders. If such a period is not defined by the charter, it should not exceed 60 days from the date of the decision on payment (clause 3, article 42 of the JSC Law). In other words, the time from the announcement of dividends to their payment limited by statute or law and constitutes a short period of time.

Thirdly, the decision on the amount of the dividend and the form of its payment on shares of each category (type) is made by the general meeting of shareholders (clause 3, article 42 of the JSC Law), i.e. after the announcement of dividends, the shareholder can independently calculate their exact size. In this case, the shareholder has the right to receive dividends under the following conditions.

1. The rights of the shareholder to the shares are duly confirmed. The share is a registered non-documentary security, and in accordance with the provisions of Art. 29 federal law dated April 22, 1996 No. 39-FZ "On the securities market" the right to such securities passes to the acquirer in the case of accounting for rights to securities:

• for a person conducting depositary activities - from the moment of making a credit entry on the acquirer's depo account;
• in the registry system - from the moment the credit entry is made by personal account the acquirer.

Thus, in order to confirm its rights to shares, an organization must have an extract from the register of shareholders made in its name.

2. The shareholder has the right to receive dividends.

The list of persons entitled to receive dividends is compiled as of the date of compiling the list of persons entitled to participate in the general meeting of shareholders, at which a decision is made to pay the relevant dividends. The list of such persons is compiled on the basis of the data of the register of shareholders of the company, the date of compilation of the list cannot be set earlier than the date of the decision to hold the general meeting and more than 50 days before the date of the general meeting of shareholders (clause 4 of article 42, clause 1 of article 52 of the JSC Law).

Thus, in order to confirm its rights to receive dividends, the organization must be included in the list of persons entitled to receive dividends.

The list of persons entitled to participate in the General Meeting of Shareholders is provided by the company for familiarization at the request of the persons included in this list and holding at least 1% of the votes. At the request of any interested person, the company within three days is obliged to provide him with an extract from such a list containing data about this person, or a certificate stating that he is not included in this list (clause 4, article 51 of the JSC Law). If an organization that considers itself a recipient of dividends was not included in the relevant list, it has the opportunity to challenge such a decision in court.

Paragraph 12 of PBU 9/99 contains two more conditions under which other receipts are recognized in accounting:

• the right of ownership (possession, use and disposal) of the product (goods) has passed from the organization to the buyer or the work has been accepted by the customer (the service has been rendered);
• the costs incurred or to be incurred in connection with this transaction can be determined.

However, they have nothing to do with the situation with dividends.

Thus, the criteria for recognizing an organization's income established by PBU 9/99 require recognition of received dividends on an accrual basis, i.e. regardless of the time of actual receipt of funds to the accounts of the recipient organization (shareholder, participant). But the recipient organization does not always have the opportunity to accrue dividends on the day of the general meeting of shareholders, because (see Articles 62, 63 of the JSC Law):

• 15 days may elapse after the date of the meeting, during which counting commission draws up a protocol on the results of voting;
• this protocol is attached to the minutes of the general meeting, which must also be formed within 15 days after the completion of the meeting of shareholders;
• decisions adopted by the general meeting of shareholders, as well as the results of voting, are announced at the general meeting during which the voting was held, or communicated no later than 10 days after drawing up a protocol on the results of voting in the form of a report, to the attention of the persons included in the list and entitled to participate in the general meeting of shareholders.

  As a result, it turns out that the organization that is the recipient of dividends, the necessary source documents may come in the next month or even a quarter after the meeting of shareholders. However, when they are received, dividend income should be recognized in accounting:

  D 76 "Settlements with various debtors and creditors" - K 91 "Other income and expenses" - income from dividends declared by the company - the source of dividends is reflected (for conditional example: in the amount of 100,000 rubles).

  Tax legislation provides for the need to withhold tax on these incomes tax agent- the source of payment of dividends (Article 275 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), while the date of receipt of income in the form of dividends from equity participation in the activities of other organizations in accordance with sub. 2 p. 4 art. 271 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation is the date of receipt of funds to the current account (cash) of the taxpayer.

  Thus, income for accounting and tax accounting are recognized in different periods, which necessitates the recognition of deferred tax liabilities - IT (clause 8 PBU 18/02). The value of IT in this case is calculated as the product of the amount of declared dividends (based on the total number of shares for which they are due) by the tax rate established by subpara. 1 and 2, paragraph 3 of Art. 284 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. The value of the conditional income tax expense is determined in a similar way:

  D 99 “Profits and losses” - K 68 “Calculations for taxes and fees” - reflects the conditional income tax expense (for a conditional example: in the amount of 9,000 rubles (100,000 rubles x 9%));

  D 68 - K 77 "Deferred tax liabilities" - IT is reflected (the amount is also 9000 rubles).

  In the actual calculation carried out by the tax agent (source of payment of dividends), the amount of tax withheld may be less than the amount of the contingent income tax expense calculated by the recipient. This is due to the fact that the actual calculation is performed by multiplying the income tax rate by not the entire amount of dividends to be distributed by the tax agent in favor of all taxpayers receiving dividends. The amount of dividends received by the tax agent in the current and previous reporting (tax) period is deducted from it (with the exception of dividends specified in subparagraph 1 of paragraph 3 of article 284 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, i.e. taxable at a rate of 0%) by the time distribution of dividends in favor of recipients, provided that these dividend amounts were not previously taken into account when determining the tax base determined in relation to income received by the tax agent in the form of dividends (see paragraph 2 of Article 275 of the Code).

  Moreover, tax law even provides for the possibility that these amounts will be reset to zero: if the value of this difference is negative, the obligation to pay tax does not arise, but compensation from the budget is also not made (clause 2 of article 275 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

  Let, in our conditional example, the tax agent actually withhold (based on his own calculation) 8,000 rubles. tax. Then, upon receipt of dividends (and the situation practically does not provide for a different moment and way for the shareholder to find out the actual amount of tax), the recipient of income must make the following entries:

  D 51 “Settlement accounts” - K 76 - reflects the receipt of dividends to the current account (in the amount of 92,000 rubles (100,000 rubles - 8,000 rubles));

  D 68 - K 76 - reflects the withholding of income tax by a tax agent (in the amount of 8,000 rubles (100,000 rubles - 92,000 rubles));

  D 77 - K 68 - IT was written off in terms of dividends received (in the amount of 8,000 rubles).

  The amount of the last posting must in any case be equal to the amount of the previous posting. It is these amounts that are reflected in the corresponding lines in this period. income tax returns. It is possible that the fact that the taxpayer (i.e. the recipient of income) has no other way to find out the amount of tax actually withheld by the agent, except at the time of receipt of funds, is the reason for establishing the date of receipt of this type of income for tax purposes. In other words, we are talking about the practical impossibility of keeping tax records of income from dividends received on an accrual basis.

  When filling out the declaration, the amount of dividends is reflected in line 020 of Sheet 02 tax return, however, further, in accordance with paragraph 5.3 of the Procedure for filling out a tax return for corporate income tax, line 070 indicates the total amount of income excluded from profit reflected in line 060 of Sheet 02 (in which the data of line 020 of Sheet 02 are summarized). Such income includes, in particular, income from equity participation in other organizations (Sheet 03 is filled in by the tax agent - the source of income). Thus, as a result, income in the form of received dividends does not increase tax base on income tax.

  The last posting in this block of records is carried out on the basis of paragraph 18 of PBU 18/02: “Deferred tax liability upon disposal of an asset or type of liability for which it was accrued, it is written off in the amount by which, under the legislation of the Russian Federation on taxes and fees, taxable profit of both the reporting and subsequent reporting periods will not be increased”:

  D 77 - K 99 - IT was written off in connection with the elimination of the deductible temporary difference (for a conditional example: in the amount of 1,000 rubles (9,000 rubles - 8,000 rubles)).

  Based on the results of the above entries, net profit will be reduced precisely by the amount of tax actually withheld (8,000 rubles), i.e. closing balance both entries are formed on account 99 - both for the recognition of a contingent income tax expense (D 99 for 9000 rubles), and for the write-off of the liquidated deductible temporary difference (K 99 for 1000 rubles).

Today, the legislation covers in sufficient detail the issue of accruing dividends, as well as receiving income from this type of activity.

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But at the same time, one should not forget about the many nuances associated with this activity. First of all, about the need to appropriately make deductions in favor of the state from income of this kind.

An enterprise paying dividends is, in fact, a tax agent. Therefore, it is required to properly reflect all transactions by postings.

Basic moments

Today, many enterprises, companies are joint-stock companies. They issue shares (securities), in the presence of which a particular individual / legal entity has the right to receive some income.

Moreover, the date of receipt and the amount depends on many different factors - the type of shares, the date of the beginning of their possession and many others.

There are specialized documents that determine the date of receipt of income. It is important to remember that the accrual of dividends to employees of the organization is reflected in the accounting entry.

This rule is very important to observe in all cases. Otherwise, there is a high probability of various kinds of difficulties with the tax service.

Before answering the question of what accounting entry means the accrual of dividends to shareholders, you should familiarize yourself with some fundamental points. These include the following:

• what it is?
• who can be the owner?
• the legislative framework.

Thus, it will be possible to avoid difficulties and problems in reporting.

What it is?

The income from shares is a dividend - they are understood as a certain percentage of the company's income for any reporting period(quarter, other).

Dividend deductions are reflected in the accounting department with special entries.

Moreover, in this particular case, the term “wiring” means a record in documents or a special database on a computer about the current and future state of an object.

Wiring always includes two main components (required):

• debit account;
• credit account.

Also, the wiring must indicate the characteristic component of a particular action. It can be, for example, quantity or quality.

If dividends are used as an accounting object, then a more detailed analytical identifier is used when accounting for them. The purpose of income, counterparty is always indicated.

Keeping records of dividend payments has many features and difficulties. You should familiarize yourself with them in advance in order to avoid mistakes.

If, during the inspection, employees tax service find any errors, this may lead to the appointment of a holding.

Auditors quite often find many errors in accounting even for conscientious taxpayers. Therefore, you should not attract the attention of the Federal Tax Service once again.

Who can be the owner

If all the shares of a company are owned by a single founder, then it is he who will be the recipient given income. In all other cases, it is required to focus on a special federal law.

According to this regulatory document, dividends can be received by persons who own shares on the date of the special calendar. There are some important rules.

These include the date the recipients were determined:

Individuals/legal entities may be directly owners of shares that allow receiving any dividends.

But regardless of legal status owner, the tax agent will still be the company that pays the dividends. This point is covered in the regulatory framework on this matter.

The legislative framework

All persons having any relation to the payment of dividends should familiarize themselves with the legislation in force in this regard in advance.

List of legal documents regulating this moment, is relatively small. However, it is worth reading all of them carefully.

Shareholders, accountants and other officials should review the following NAPs:

• Federal Law No. 208-FZ Chapter V:

All the above federal laws are not independent regulatory legal acts.

They only carry out the addition, edit its articles.

That is why, when performing a variety of actions, one should focus on this document.

It is also worth considering when conducting postings. This document Explains in sufficient detail what exactly is considered an expense.

Accounting entries for the payment of dividends

Dividends can be paid to a variety of individuals. Moreover, some of them may be not just owners of the company's shares, but at the same time its employees, founders.

So, being employees, it will be necessary to transfer income without fail by special posting.

There are many nuances associated with accounting. Today, payments can be made to the following persons:

• founders of the enterprise;
• shareholders;
• who are not employees of the organization;
• calculation examples.

For all three categories indicated above, the postings are different. Accountant or other official bookkeeper should definitely keep this in mind.

If any fundamental rules are violated, there is a high probability of problems with the Federal Tax Service.

For the founders of the enterprise

Usually, accruals are made to the founders of the enterprise on preferred cumulative shares.

It is important to remember that a decision on net profit must be made without fail only at a meeting of founders - if there are several of them.

If the founder is alone and at the same time he needs to receive dividends, then he can independently issue the corresponding order. And based on it, get your income.

In this case, this procedure will need to be reflected in the accounting department with the following entries:

The above-mentioned postings simply reflect the accrual of the income itself. But at the same time, dividends received by individuals represent, in fact, ordinary income.

It is necessarily taxed at a rate of 13% - on personal income. Transfers to the state budget are also required to be properly reflected in the entries.

They look like this:

It must be remembered that dividends can be paid to the founder not only in cash, but also in kind. This moment must be taken into account.

Since such income is necessarily taxed at a rate of 13% and is also reflected in the financial statements. The reporting procedure is carried out in a similar way.

Shareholders

When accruing dividends to ordinary shareholders who have acquired shares of an enterprise through an exchange, it is important to correctly reflect this procedure in accounting. It has features, nuances.

Therefore, it is best for the responsible persons implementing the procedure in question to familiarize themselves in advance with the reports already drawn up using an example.

In this way, the assumption of the most common mistakes. Some of them may result in a fine.

If in this case dividends are paid to shareholders in cash and in kind, then an example of postings will look like this:

Dr.	Kt	Name of operation, account
75	50	“Settlements with the founder” - the procedure for paying dividends is indicated
75	90	Reflects income from the sale of finished products
90	43	The cost of ready-to-sell products is written off in full - which is transferred to the account of dividends
90	68	The procedure for calculating VAT is indicated
75	68	The self-withholding of personal income tax in the amount of 13% is indicated
70	68	Personal income tax is withheld from the profit received by the founder himself
75	68	This transaction withholds tax on the profit of the founder, who at the time of receipt of income is not his employee/employee
70	68	This operation carries out the withholding of personal income tax from the income of the shareholder, who is also the founder
76	68	Income tax is deducted from the income of the founder himself

Non-employees of the organization

But most often it is required to carry out postings on the operations of accruing profit in the form of dividends to persons who are employees of the organization.

In this case, it will be necessary to open a subaccount No. 75-2. It is opened in addition to account No. 75. At the same time, it is also strictly mandatory to use account No. 70 “Settlements with personnel for wages”.

This procedure has its own nuances, therefore it is best to deal with all of them in advance using an example:

It is important to remember the significant differences in postings for employees of the enterprise and those who are not. Both accounts and credit / debit differ.

The presence of inconsistencies can cause problems with the Federal Tax Service.

Video: dividends

Errors in this segment of taxation can serve as a signal to the Federal Tax Service about an attempt to avoid paying taxes.

Such schemes are quite common today. This is especially common with.

Accrual example

Posting numbers in general are almost always standard. Therefore, you can always carry out accounting according to the model.

It's simple enough. Especially if any specialized software- 1C: Accounting or other similar.

Dividend example:

Reflection of the operation in 1C

The procedure for reflecting the operation of the type in question in the 1C: Accounting program is extremely simple.

It is carried out as follows:

Accountants probably remember that once the balance sheet was turned over once a quarter. Now you need to hand it over to the Federal Tax Service only at the end of the year. In the article we will tell you when to submit the balance sheet form, how to fill out the sections of the reporting form.

Who submits form number 1

All companies are required to submit a balance sheet. Small businesses have the right to submit annual financial statements in simplified forms (paragraph “a”, paragraph 6 of the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 2, 2010 No. 66n).

Many accountants call the balance sheet form No. 1, but in fact the balance sheet is the form according to OKUD No. 071000.

Download the balance sheet form (form 1)

Where to submit and when

First thing annual balance must be submitted to the FTS.

Be sure to send one copy of the balance sheet as part of the financial statements to territorial authority statistics (Article 18 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 No. 402-FZ).

Also, the balance can be requested by suppliers or founders in order to evaluate financial position firms.

Deadline balance sheet for 2018- until April 1 inclusive, 2019 (the deadline is shifted due to the weekend).

How to draw up a balance sheet

Asset and liability are components of the balance sheet.

The asset includes two sections: current assets (debtors' debt, money in accounts, etc.) and fixed assets(IA, fixed assets, deferred tax assets and so on.).

Passive consists of three sections:

• Capital and reserves.
• Short-term liabilities.
• Long term duties.

The asset of the balance informs about all the property of the company, and the liability tells about the sources of receipt of this property. The equality must be observed: Active = Passive.

The balance sheet contains information at the end of the year. It also provides information on all indicators at the end of the previous two years. So, in the balance sheet for 2018, accountants, among other things, will indicate data for 2017 and 2016.

All balance sheet indicators are combined into articles. Each balance line has its own code. Small businesses can draw up a short balance sheet, but other companies give a detailed breakdown of all items. How much detail to disclose information in the balance sheet, the organization determines itself, based on the level of materiality of a particular indicator (note No. 2 to the balance sheet, specified in the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 02.07.2010 No. 66n). Information about materiality levels is usually prescribed in the accounting policy.