An essay on social studies to write for verification. Social Studies Essay Plan (USE)

A mini-essay on the exam in social studies is an alternative task. This means that the exam participant can choose from several proposed options the one that is closer and more interesting to him.

Topics for the essay are short quotes - aphorisms relating to the five blocks of the training course, one for each. Thematic areas of statements are as follows:

• Philosophy,
• Economy,
• Sociology, social psychology,
• Political science,
• Jurisprudence.

Of the five statements, you need to choose only one (the closest or most understandable) and write a mini-essay that reveals the meaning of the chosen aphorism and contains examples, illustrations.

The “weight” of the essay on social science in the final points is rather small: about 8% of the total points. A perfectly written work can bring only 5 primary points out of 62 possible, about 8%. Therefore, you should not approach the work as fundamentally as when writing an essay on the Russian language or essays on literature.

The compilers of the Unified State Exam themselves suggest taking 36-45 minutes to write an essay on social studies (this is the exact time period specified in the specification). For comparison: an essay on the Russian language "laid" 110 minutes, on a full-length essay on literature - 115.

All this suggests that the approach to social science should be different: there is no need to create a “masterpiece”, there are no mandatory requirements for the style of presentation (and even literacy), and even the amount of work is not regulated. It is not necessary to write 150-350 words of text here: after all, the task is positioned as a “mini essay” and, if you manage to open the idea briefly and succinctly, this will only be welcome.

It is enough to simply demonstrate knowledge of the subject and the ability to find suitable examples that confirm your point of view - and communicate your thoughts clearly and convincingly on the examination form.

Criteria for evaluating an essay on social studies at the exam

An essay is judged by just three by three criteria. To earn a maximum of five points, you must complete the following "required minimum":

Reveal the meaning of the original statement, or at least demonstrate that you correctly understood what its author meant (1 point). This is a key point: if you do not understand the quote and get 0 points according to the first criterion, the work will not be evaluated further.

Demonstrate knowledge of theory (2 points). Here, to obtain a high mark, it is necessary to analyze the meaning of the statement, using the knowledge gained during the study of the school course in social studies, recall the main points of the theory, and use the terminology correctly. Incomplete compliance with requirements, deviation from the original topic or semantic errors will lead to the loss of one point.

Ability to find suitable examples (2 points). To get the highest score for this criterion, we need to illustrate the problem with two (at least) examples - facts confirming the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe essay. Moreover, they must be from sources of different types. As sources can act

• examples from fiction, feature films and documentaries;
• examples from popular science literature, the history of various branches of science;
• historical facts;
• facts learned during the study of other school subjects;
• personal experience and observation;
• media communications.

If only personal experience is used as examples or similar examples are given (for example, both from fiction), the mark is reduced by a point. Zero by this criterion is set if the examples do not correspond to the topic or if information is not available at all.

Social Studies Writing Plan

There are no strict requirements for the structure of the essay - the main thing is to reveal the meaning of the statement, demonstrate knowledge of the theory and reinforce it with facts. However, despite the fact that there is not much time for reflection, you can adhere to a standard essay plan that includes all the necessary elements.

1. The optional part is an introduction.General statement of the problem (one or two sentences). In an essay on social studies, this point of the plan can be omitted and immediately proceed to the interpretation of the proposed aphorism, however, it is often difficult for schoolchildren to deviate from the usual compositional scheme, when the "essence of the matter" is preceded by general considerations. Therefore, if you are accustomed to starting with the introduction - write it, if this is not important for you - you can omit this item, points for this are not reduced.

2. Revealing the meaning of the original statement - 2-3 sentences. It is not necessary to quote completely, it is enough to refer to its author and state the meaning of the phrase in your own words. It must be remembered that, unlike an essay in Russian, where the isolation of a problem is mandatory, an essay on social science can be devoted both to a phenomenon, a process, and simply to state a fact. To reveal the meaning of the statement, one can use patterns such as “In the proposed statement, NN (a famous philosopher, economist, famous writer) considers (describes, discusses about ...) such a phenomenon (process, problem) as ..., treating it as ...” or “The meaning of the statement ( expression, aphorism) N. N is that ... "

3. Theoretical part (3-4 sentences). Here it is necessary to confirm or refute the point of view of the author, based on the knowledge gained in the lessons and using special terminology. If you agree with the author’s point of view, then by and large this part is a detailed translation of the original phrase into “textbook language”. For example, if the author called children's games in the yard “a school of life” - you will write about what are the institutions of socialization and the role they play in the process of assimilation of social norms by an individual. Here you can quote other philosophers, economists, etc., confirming the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe text - however, this is not a mandatory requirement.

4. Actual part (4-6 sentences). Here it is necessary to give at least two examples confirming the theses put forward in the previous paragraph. In this part, it is better to avoid "common words" and talk about specifics. And do not forget to indicate the sources of information. For example, "in popular science literature, experiments devoted to" were repeatedly described; "As we know from the school physics course ...", "writer N, N. in his novel “Untitled” describes the situation ... ”,“ on the shelves of the supermarket opposite my school you can see ... ”.

5. Conclusion (1-2 sentences). Since the essay on social science on the exam is by and large a proof of a certain theoretical position - you can complete the essay by summing up the above. For example: “Thus, both life examples and reading experience allow us to state that ...”, followed by a reformulated main thesis.

remember, that the main thing is to correctly reveal the meaning of the statement. Therefore, choosing from the proposed options, take a quote, the interpretation of which is beyond doubt.

Before you start writing text, remember the terminology on this topic. Write them on the draft form for later use in your work.

Choose the most suitable examples on this topic. Remember that examples from the literature may not be limited to the works of the school curriculum - you can use any literary works as arguments in the social science exam. Do not forget that the reliance on reader experience in the case of social science is not a priority: remember cases from life; news heard on the radio; topics discussed in society and so on. Also write the selected examples on the draft form.

Since literacy, style and composition of the text are not evaluated - if you are quite confident in expressing your thoughts in writing, it is better not to waste time writing the full text of the draft. Confine yourself to thesis plan and write clean right away - this will save time.

Start the essay after you have answered all the other questions. - otherwise, you may not “fit in” in time and lose more points than you get. For example, the first four tasks with detailed answers (according to the text read) in total can give 10 primary points (two times more than an essay), and the formulation of the answers to them usually takes much less time than writing a mini essay.

If you are "swimming" in the subject and you feel that you can’t write an essay for maximum points - do this task anyway. Every point is important - and even if you can only correctly formulate the topic and give at least one example “from life” - you will receive two primary points for an essay on social studies on the exam, which is much better than zero.

Over the past few years, social science has been confidently leading among the subjects of choice, because adding to this certificate good USE scores in Russian and mathematics, you can confidently apply to a variety of universities in the country in such areas as:

• law (also required for the exam in history);
• psychology and pedagogy;
• sociology;
• media communications;
• hotel business;
• publishing.

Features KIMov in social studies

At first glance, the exam in social studies seems to be much easier for graduates than physics, chemistry or history, but passing an exam for 100 points in 2019 will actually be difficult, because an examination ticket contains questions from a variety of areas of knowledge, and one of the tasks is essay writing.

So, in the social science exam in 2019, he will check the knowledge of graduates in such modules as:

• right;
• politics;
• sociology;
• economy;
• philosophy.

Ticket assignments will be distributed as follows:

In total, the exam participant in social science can score 62 primary points in 2019, of which 5 points are awarded for a correctly written essay, so it’s worthwhile to familiarize yourself with possible topics of mini-essays in advance, prepare examples and think over what information to operate in the arguments.

You can better understand the structure of the ticket by familiarizing yourself with the real KIM, which was offered to graduates of 2018 at an early exam session.

Essay Topics for 2019

At the stage of preparation for the exam, FIPI never discloses a narrow circle to those who will be included in examination tickets. Both examiners and teachers working at the points of the Unified State Exam will recognize them simultaneously at the time of printing the official envelope.

But, there is a kind of collection that lists all possible essay topics covering the problems of the five main topics included in tickets for social studies, and in 2019 this document should be one of the main for you in preparing for the exam.

The list of topics includes:

• Philosophy:
• Social psychology: Intrapersonal conflict / Interpersonal communication - the essence and possible barriers / Features of the communication of people in society and building social relations / Interpersonal communication - the essence and tasks / The team as a phenomenon and psychological climate inside it;
• Sociology: Progress as a condition for the organization of society / Objective and Subjective factors that affect social processes - their relationship / Differentiation of male and female roles in society - its regularity / Stability of society and its preservation / Spiritual and material values \u200b\u200bin public life and their role. Fighting and social inequality - what is the essence of the phenomena;
• Economy: Labor - features of the type of activity and economic benefits / Capital as a resource of the economy / Limited resources and unlimited human needs - what are the contradictions / Production factors - their importance in economic development / Question of economic choice - what is the problem of this phenomenon;
• Jurisprudence: Morality and Law: what are the differences and similarities of these concepts / State - its essence and features / Political system - what role does the state play in it / Law and its social value / Law as an instrument for regulating the life of society;
• Political science: World politics and analysis of international relations / Parties and social movements in the political system of modern society / Political system and its role in the life of modern society / State, its place and role in the political system / Features of political relations in modern society.

Allpdf documents at any time will be available on this page, but if you wish, you can download them for the convenience of working in the modeoffline. Open format documentspdf You can use a special program or any browser installed on the device (even without an Internet connection).

Essay Writing Plan

Having familiarized yourself with the main topics that can be found in the 29th assignment for the Unified State Exam 2019 on social studies, it is necessary to begin the practice of writing an essay. A mini composition should have the following structure:

Studying each topic from the modules "Philosophy", "Social Psychology", "Sociology", "Economics", "Political Science" and "Jurisprudence", it is necessary:

• understand the essence of the problem;
• pick up a quote;
• build a logical chain of reasoning;
• find arguments;
• give examples.

To facilitate the work on the structure of the mini composition, you can use ready-made clichés. An approximate essay plan for social science, applicable for any topic in 2019, will look like:

Of course, this is only a basic template that needs to be supplemented and expanded using your own thoughts, a knowledge base, thoughts and statements that you can refer to, as well as experience (you can also use your own, but better described in textbooks).

For most graduates who have chosen the exam in social science in 2019, drawing up a plan for an essay is not a problem. But nevertheless, it is worth remembering such simple but useful tips from teachers:

• Remember - it is not a long and meaningless text that is required of you, but a laconic reasoning supported by facts.
• Do not go aside from the main idea, periodically returning to it at different points in the composition.
• Do not forget to mention a few words about the author of the utterance used in the essay.
• Avoid statements and judgments that are not relevant to a given topic.
• Try to describe all existing views on the problem in question, considering all possible ways to solve it.

Important! The main criterion for evaluating the essay remains the correspondence to the given topic and the completeness of the disclosure of the question. If the commission decides that the essay is off-topic, it will be rated at 0 points.

Help in preparing

What to do if difficulties arise in the process of self-training?

The easiest and most correct way out is to turn to an experienced tutor who will help you to correctly compose an essay writing plan, identify and eliminate knowledge gaps in social studies, and develop an individual program for preparing for the exam, taking into account the peculiarities of 2019 tickets.

If this is not possible, use the ready-made essay options, which can also be found on the Internet. But, do not be too lazy not just to learn other people's tests, but to understand them and, if possible, refine them taking into account your own vision of the problem.

Online lessons in video format, which are also easy to find on the Internet, will also be useful. Here is one of these lessons about writing an essay on social studies:

What could be more beautiful than school time? But, despite this, one has to face many difficulties. The biggest obstacle that anyone who has decided to graduate from grade 11 will have to go through is a unified state exam.

In almost all universities and in all areas it is necessary to take an object called social studies. The hardest part of the exam is the essay. Therefore, before writing, you need to draw up an essay plan for social studies and follow it strictly according to the points. This is the only way to write a beautiful composition. The essay plan for social studies, as well as for other subjects, should contain three main parts: introduction, main part and conclusion. At each point we will dwell in detail.

Why do you need to be able to write essays?

Everyone makes us express our thoughts in a consistent, correct and reasoned manner. This is sure to come in handy in life. Even if you just have a friendly conversation, then here it will be appropriate not to be saturated with jargon and other “rubbish” of the Russian language.

Writing essays also teaches us to identify the main idea that they want to convey to us, analyze, express their personal opinion about the problem.

If we talk about exams, then before writing, you should develop a detailed plan for writing an essay on social studies. This will help you not to get lost in your own thoughts, not to move away from the main problem. Some people like to write essays very much, they just have to compose in the head of social science. For the rest, it is better to use a draft so that the plan is always in front of you.

The introduction and conclusion are short sections that consist of approximately three to four sentences each. All parts are separated by a paragraph. It’s not worth writing in one piece, it is very difficult for readers to perceive. For such a "sheet" you will not earn a lot of points.

Unified State Exam

The test part of the social science exam is quite simple. You need to answer the test questions, they all have 4 answers. The second part is a little harder. Here they suggest adding the missing words, adding to the table or connecting the corresponding paragraphs.

The hardest part is S. Here you need to choose the expression (quote) of the famous person from several proposed options. Next - write an essay-discussion on the topic of utterance. In order to cope with the work and get a good score, you need to draw up a plan of essays on social studies. The exam is quite simple to pass, if you prepare a little for it.

It should be allocated at least an hour a day for self-study, or hire a tutor or attend specialized training courses. Pay special attention to the creative part. It is possible to draw up a plan of essays on social studies (CSE) to use it for absolutely all topics. This is what we suggest you do right now. We will highlight the main parts that should be contained in your composition, we will give the main cliches. All this will greatly simplify your work during a single state exam.

Plan

The plan of essays on social science is practically no different from that for other creative works. Now we will give a detailed plan of the essay, we will write in sufficient detail what should be included in each part. So, the essay plan for social studies is as follows:

1. Introduction. It is worth saying right away that there are no strict requirements for this work. The main thing is that the topic be revealed. It is necessary to demonstrate your knowledge of theory and confirm with facts from history, literature or life. Entry is optional, but desirable. Many students cannot imagine an essay without an introduction. If it is difficult for you to start the essay right away with thought, make a short introduction (2-3 sentences). Here you can clearly state the problem. If there is no entry, points for this are not reduced.
2. The meaning of the quote. This small part consists of no more than five sentences. It is not necessary to cite the statement in full. A reference to the author will suffice, and further - interpretations in your own words. Many people use clichés here, for example: “In the statement of the philosopher Feuerbach, the phenomenon (process or problem) is considered (or described) ...” or “The meaning of the statement ... is that ...”. In the examples, you will see how to use these forms correctly.
3. Theory. In this part you should write whether you agree with the opinion of the author or not. In most cases, students confirm the opinion and simply rewrite the quote using special terminology. Also in this part you can give examples in defense of your point of view.
4. Facts. It is better to avoid any general phrases, you need to give specific examples ("as we know from the course of chemistry ...", "as the famous philosopher said ..." and similar forms).
5. IN conclusion we need to summarize everything we said earlier. Schoolchildren often use this form: “Thus, the above examples allow us to state that ...” Instead of ellipsis, it is necessary to insert the reformulated main idea of \u200b\u200bthe statement.

Introduction

An essay on social studies (a plan, a cliche we have already provided) should be short, but reflect the main idea. In this part we will give you examples of possible introductions.

1. "Feuerbach is a famous German philosopher who argued that theory and practice are interconnected and complement each other."
2. "The most interesting quote for me was the statement of the American writer L. Peter, who spoke about the high destiny of economic culture."

The meaning of the statement

1. "The meaning of the statement is very simple - you need to be able to save and properly allocate resources, which will help stop hunger around the world."
2. "Raising this problem, the author says that the young generation understands little in adulthood. They are like foreigners who do not know the customs and lifestyle of the inhabitants of this country."

Theory

Let's look at the plan for compiling an essay on social studies. Next, we must demonstrate our theoretical knowledge gained in social studies at school. Here are some examples:

1. “The behavior of each individual is of great importance for the whole society. It is a separate, but connected with the world. It is social status that determines the behavior of each individual. If someone stands out for his behavior, and this is unacceptable in society, then social control services are connected. ... "
2. "My opinion is this: I completely agree with the position of the author. Indeed, laws play a big role in human life. They help and protect from evil, immoral acts ..."

Facts

How to write an essay on social studies, we almost figured out, it remains to understand what examples can be given in the next paragraph. Facts may be of this kind:

1. Literary. For example: “I would like to give an example from the book“ Rich and Poor Dad, ”where the author R. Kiyosaki says that economic freedom is very important ..."
2. From education, science, the media and so on. “The history of the development of the science of chemistry can be cited as an argument. How did people gain knowledge of possible reactions? Of course, from experiments ... "

Conclusion

The last part consists of 1-2 sentences, for example:

1. “I completely agree with the statement, because only ... can lead to ...”
2. "Thus, the philosopher ... expressed a rather clever idea ... which requires analysis and reflection."

First you always need to look at the criteria for evaluating the task that we are analyzing. Download it and continue reading:

Download the USE demo on social studies 201 7

Highlighting a Problem

So, let's take a look at the very last pages of the document that you downloaded and take a look at paragraphs K1-K3, trying to extract from this formula a good essay that will be evaluated by experts

First, you need to directly understand the statement: highlight the problem, reveal its meaning and highlight the aspects of the problem. A number of cliches will help you here, because the exam is traditionally built on templates and this helps in preparation

What are the problems on the exam. From my own experience, I can identify 6 main “flanks” for which I must try on my aphorism:

• The problem of essence ...
• The problem of inconsistency ...
• The problem of the role ...
• Relationship problem ...
• The problem of interconnection ...
• The problem of unity ...

What does it mean to reveal meaning? In general, I say to my students that an essay should be translated “from Russian into Russian”, in fact, from the literary language to the scientific one, based on the block into which you write your work. Everything can be completed with “a basis for increasing the score”: look at the problem from various angles. This will be the structure of the first part of the work

Theoretical argument

Now we turn to the second criterion, it includes argumentation based on theory. What does this mean and what parts should your essay include?
Naturally, these are terms. Hence, if you are an applicant preparing yourself, ALWAYS study a topic in the context of any concepts from the field that you are going through

Also, you must clearly, clearly and consistently formulate your statements and conclusions from what you stated in your essay thesis - this is a very important element, pay attention to it. In addition, it is necessary to give an example of various principles and approaches, to prove one’s position and to reveal the causes and consequences of the events referred to in the statement of task

The actual argument

As a fact, you must prove the theoretical material mentioned above with the help of media reports, materials from academic subjects (usually humanitarian), facts from social experience and your own reasoning. The most interesting thing is that you need to give 2 arguments of a factual nature, both of which cannot be from media reports, or from history, political life ... It is important to understand, otherwise the expert will lower your score

Well, in the end, make a qualitative conclusion based on the thesis, simply writing it in other words, with a “touch” of completeness. This is all you need to know from theory on how to write the 29th task in social studies.

Speech by T. Liskova - Features of the solution of the second part at the USE-2017

A video of her presentation is attached below.

Ready essays

Now let's deal with the structure. Below I attach 4 of the very first works of my students on politics. I suggest you look at them, highlight the constituent elements, find errors, if any, and unsubscribe about them in the comments

First essay

“Power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely” (J. Acton)

In his statement, the American historian and politician J. Acton raises the question of the influence of power on the behavior of the person possessing it. This statement can be interpreted as follows: the more a person is endowed with power, the more often he begins to go beyond what is permitted and act only in his own interests. This problem has not lost its relevance for many centuries and history has known many cases where the unlimited power of the ruler led the country into ruin.

Disclosure of the theoretical part

So what is power and why does it exist? Power is the ability and ability to influence people's behavior, regardless of their desire. In any state, power is primarily aimed at maintaining order and monitoring compliance with laws, but often the more limitless the power becomes, the more it corrupts a person and ceases to be a guarantor of justice, which is why I fully support the opinion of J. Acton.

Examples for disclosing K3

A ruler endowed with great power ceases to care about the welfare of the whole people and even more tries to strengthen his position. Take, for example, the first Russian Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible: striving for unlimited autocracy, he introduced the oprichnina in the camp, which consisted of mass terror, violence, the elimination of not only discontented boyars, but also any opposition. Thus, on the suspicion of treason, many innocent people were executed, which ultimately led the country to a crisis, the ruin of cities and the death of a huge number of people.

My family also faced the consequences of unlimited power during the reign of I.V. Stalin. During my dispossession, my grandmother’s family was repressed, her father was sent to the Gulag, and six children were forced to live in a barracks with the same repressed families. Stalin's policy was aimed at equalizing the population, but the number of dispossessed during his reign significantly exceeded the number of real kulaks, which is a clear violation of human rights and freedoms.

Thus, we can conclude that unlimited power corrupts people and brings not so much benefit as ruin and decline in the standard of living of the population. In modern society, absolute power is no longer dominant in most countries, which makes their inhabitants more free and independent.

Second essay

“When a tyrant rules, the people are silent, but the laws do not work” (Saadi)

The meaning of Saadi’s statement is that legality is the basis for building a democratic state, while tyranny opposes the public good and is aimed only at achieving one’s own interests. This statement expresses two aspects: the participation of citizens in the life of the state under different political regimes and the attitude of the government to generally accepted laws.

Disclosure of the theoretical part

Tyranny is often inherent in states with unlimited power of one ruler; for the most part, these are countries with a totalitarian regime. Its main difference from democracy - the political regime, which is characterized by the equality of all people before the law and the ownership of power by the people, is the concentration of all power in the hands of one ruler (party) and control over all spheres of society. With unlimited power, the ruler can interpret the laws in his own favor, or even rewrite them, and the people do not have the right to express their own opinion, which absolutely does not meet the principle of legality. One cannot disagree with the opinion of Saadi, and history knows a lot of evidence for this.

Examples for disclosing K3

An example of tyranny is Italy during the reign of B. Mussolini. Suppressing rights and freedoms in the country, Mussolini established a totalitarian regime and applied political repression. Heading seven ministries and being both prime minister, he eliminated almost all restrictions on his power, thus building a police state.

A. Solzhenitsyn speaks about the lawlessness of the totalitarian regime in the novel “One Day of Ivan Denisovich”. The work shows the life of a former soldier who, like many others after the front, went to prison. Solzhenitsyn described the situation of people during the reign of I.V. Stalin, when soldiers who managed to escape from German captivity were declared enemies of the people and, instead of getting to their relatives, were forced to work in the colony for decades.

Having examined these examples, we can conclude that under the rule of a tyrant, human rights have no weight, and people have no right to openly express their opinions, since they are constantly in fear for their lives.

Third essay

In his statement, P. Sire expressed his attitude to the problem of the characteristic features and characteristics of power. The author claims that any decisions that an authoritative person will ever have to make must be carefully thought out and analyzed from all sides. These words can be considered from two points of view: the positive and negative effects of power on society.

Disclosure of the theoretical part

The statement of P. Syrah does not lose its relevance to this day, because all the time rash actions led to bad consequences both for the leaders themselves and for those who obey them. That is why I completely share the author’s point of view regarding this problem. In order to confirm the relevance of this, first it is worth considering it from the point of view of theory.

It’s worth starting with the simplest: what is power? As we know, power is the ability to influence the actions and decisions of people against their will. This usually happens both through persuasion and propaganda, and through the use of violence. Power is an integral attribute of any organization and human group, because without it, order and organization simply cannot be formed. As the main sources of power, one can single out both the personal attitude of each subordinate to the leader, and the level of his authority, material status, level of education and strength.

Examples for disclosing K3

To confirm the relevance of the statement of P. Syrah, we can give an example from history. As ill-conceived actions, the monetary reform carried out by Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich may replace the silver money with copper. Due to the lack of coins from the last material in the treasury, taxes were collected by silvermen, which soon led to an almost complete depreciation of the copper coins. The reform, which did not suggest such a scenario, did not correct the situation, which led to the 1662 Copper Riot. The result of the uprising was the withdrawal of copper coins from circulation. This example clearly illustrates the lack of thoughtfulness and logic in the actions of a politician who had to cancel his transformation in order to calm an angry people.

As a second example, this time of successful and planned transformations, we can cite events from recent history. We are talking about the policy of the Russian Federation, pursued from the beginning of its existence. Sophisticated, planned reforms were able to strengthen the disintegrated country. Also, the effect of these transformations was the strengthening of the state and its position in the international economic and political arena. This example demonstrates to us that a policy that involves not sudden and thoughtless transformations, but structured and consistent reforms can lead to an improvement in the situation in the state.

Summing up, we can say that the problem of the features of power and its characteristic features will never cease to be one of the most important issues, the fate of states depend on and will continue to depend on it. Especially now, in the post-industrial age, which is characterized by globalization, incorrectly implemented reforms may affect not all countries, but all powers together.

Fourth essay

“The state is something without which it is impossible to implement either order, or justice, or external security.” (M. Debre)

In his statement, M. Debre expressed his attitude to the basic functions of the state and their importance. According to the author, it is the state apparatus that plays the decisive role in the life of society, controlling the norms and rules of its behavior, regulating the basic laws, and also being responsible for protecting the country's borders and maintaining the safety of its population. This issue can be considered from two sides: the importance of the role of the state in society and in the ways in which the former affects the latter.

The words of M. Debre do not lose their relevance to this day, because regardless of the chronological period, the state has always played a key role in people's lives. That is why I completely share the author’s point of view. In order to confirm these words, first it is worth considering them from the point of view of theory.

Disclosure of the theoretical part

What is the state itself? As we know from the course of political science, the state can be called any organization of political power that has a mechanism for managing society, ensuring the normal functioning of the latter. The functions of the state are not limited to any one area of \u200b\u200blife, but affect their entirety. In addition to internal functions, external ones are distinguished, the most important of which is the process of ensuring the defense of the state’s territory and the establishment of international cooperation.

Examples for disclosing K3

In order to give the first example, we turn to the most ancient history. States of all nations began to form for similar reasons, but in this case, we will consider this process and its consequences using the example of East Slavic tribes. One of the main prerequisites for the formation of the Old Russian state was the need for protection from an external enemy - the Khazar Khaganate. Scattered and warring tribes with each other could not single-handedly cope with the enemy, but after the formation of the state, the victory over the nomads became only a matter of time. This clearly illustrates the effect of one of the most important functions of the state - defensive.

The following example illustrating the impact of the state on society can be given from the New History. As you know, in 1861, Alexander II carried out peasant reform, the result of which was the abolition of serfdom. This phenomenon had a great impact on the life of the Russian people, because the majority of the population of the Russian Empire at that time were none other than serfs. Giving them freedom, the state greatly expanded the rights and obligations of the liberated peasants. The consequence of the abolition of serfdom was the formation of a new social stratum, a change in the principles and customs that have developed over several centuries. This example demonstrates the consequences of the government’s reform affecting the entire population of the country.

Summing up, we can say that the importance of the role of the state and the need for its functions to be tested by time. Without influence, any influence on the citizens of the country, the state apparatus simply cannot exist, and the changes it makes can be perceived differently by citizens

I hope the article helped you deal with a rather problematic exam question. Help disseminate the information from this article: click on the buttons of social networks and subscribe to blog updates in order to receive new articles in a timely manner by e-mail. Bye everyone

Want to deal with all the topics of the course of social studies? Sign up for training at the school of Ivan Nekrasov with a legal guarantee of passing the exam for 80+ points!

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In this post you will get acquainted with 2 cool essays in social studies, written for the maximum score. In the last post, we talked about how to write essays on social studies and gave examples of works on philosophy, politics and economics.

Essay topic: “Nature Never Becomes”:

By the way, one of these days our site launched a bank of arguments for the Unified State Examination in social studies, which will help you write any essay to the maximum! Read more

Essay topic: The word crisis, written in Chinese, consists of two characters, one means “danger”, the other “opportunity”

American President J. Kennedy very accurately noticed the feature of the crisis reflected in the Chinese language as a phenomenon. On the one hand, it can threaten collapse, on the other, it opens up new possibilities, pushes horizons.

Consider the various manifestations of the crisis. First of all, it can be political, associated with serious excesses in the sphere of government, public activity. The economic crisis is, of course, associated with a decline in the level of production of goods in industry and agriculture, a fall in the income of the population, and so on. In the field of culture, crisis phenomena usually occur due to the “decline of morals,” the ideological press from the ruling elite, and the influence of neighbors. All these essentially different social processes have two things in common - they expose the problematic moments of people's lives, and over time they offer options for them As a result, a society can literally outgrow, even with some losses, a problem, leave it behind, or stop developing, start backing away, degrade.

In this regard, it is very difficult to disagree with the statement of J. Kennedy. Indeed, because of the crisis, society can both make a leap forward and be thrown back. We can find examples and justifications both in philosophical teachings and in history.

The choice that the crisis offers society almost always consists of two evils, two opposing development options that have one source of appearance. Hegel, an authoritative German theoretical philosopher, defined the relationship and mutual denial of the parties and trends as a contradiction. It is "it is the root of all movement." The resolution of any contradictions represents a leap, a qualitative change in the given object, turns it into a qualitatively different object, which denies the old one.

Let us now turn to domestic history. At the end of the 18th - beginning of the 19th centuries, in the highest circles of power, among the privileged nobility, they began to talk about the negative impact of serfdom on the development of Russia, both politically and economically, scientifically. After the unsuccessful Crimean War, the crisis of the feudal system was no longer a secret, he literally demanded a solution, which, fortunately, finally came “from above” under the threat of a solution “from below”. In 1861, serfdom was abolished. It is worth recognizing that in the first years after this event there was no rapid economic growth and evolution of all aspects of life. But after, when society finally got used to the new situation, an industrial turn began with all its strength, transforming a completely agrarian country.

In conclusion, I would like to say that the emergence of crises is a rather cyclical process, society is constantly evolving, especially in the last few centuries. Contradictions between the old and the new cannot but arise, and this is the essence of all crisis phenomena.

These are essays, dear friends! Once again, we express our gratitude to Timur for the work provided. And finally, I give you essay topics for writing yourself. After completing the work, you can drop me your work for verification using the "Feedback" item.

TOPICS:

“Nature creates man, but develops and forms his society.” V. Belinsky.

“Those doubts that theory does not allow you to solve practice.” L. Feuerbach.

"All knowledge originates from the mind and comes from the senses." F. Patrici.